Morphisms between finitely generated modules over a PID.

AUTHOR: - William Stein, 2009

sage.modules.fg_pid.fgp_morphism.FGP_Homset(X, Y)

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2]); Q = V/W
sage: Q.Hom(Q)           # indirect doctest
Set of Morphisms from Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12) to Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12) in Category of modules over Integer Ring
sage: True # Q.Hom(Q) is Q.Hom(Q)
True
sage: type(Q.Hom(Q))
<class 'sage.modules.fg_pid.fgp_morphism.FGP_Homset_class_with_category'>

class sage.modules.fg_pid.fgp_morphism.FGP_Homset_class(X, Y)

Bases: sage.categories.homset.Homset

class sage.modules.fg_pid.fgp_morphism.FGP_Morphism(parent, phi, check=True)

Bases: sage.categories.morphism.Morphism

A morphism between finitely generated modules over a PID.

EXAMPLES:

An endomorphism:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2])
sage: Q = V/W; Q
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)
sage: phi = Q.hom([Q.0+3*Q.1, -Q.1]); phi
Morphism from module over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12) to module with invariants (4, 12) that sends the generators to [(1, 3), (0, 11)]
sage: phi(Q.0) == Q.0 + 3*Q.1
True
sage: phi(Q.1) == -Q.1
True

A morphism between different modules V1/W1 —> V2/W2 in different ambient spaces:

sage: V1 = ZZ^2; W1 = V1.span([[1,2],[3,4]]); A1 = V1/W1
sage: V2 = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W2 = V2.span([2*V2.0+4*V2.1, 9*V2.0+12*V2.1, 4*V2.2]); A2=V2/W2
sage: A1
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (2)
sage: A2
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)
sage: phi = A1.hom([2*A2.0])
sage: phi(A1.0)
(2, 0)
sage: 2*A2.0
(2, 0)
sage: phi(2*A1.0)
(0, 0)

TESTS:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2]); Q = V/W
sage: phi = Q.hom([Q.0,Q.0 + 2*Q.1])
sage: loads(dumps(phi)) == phi
True

im_gens()

Return tuple of the images of the generators of the domain under this morphism.

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2]); Q = V/W
sage: phi = Q.hom([Q.0,Q.0 + 2*Q.1])
sage: phi.im_gens()
((1, 0), (1, 2))
sage: phi.im_gens() is phi.im_gens()
True

image()

Compute the image of this homomorphism.

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2])
sage: Q = V/W; Q
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)
sage: Q.hom([Q.0+3*Q.1, -Q.1]).image()
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)
sage: Q.hom([3*Q.1, Q.1]).image()
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (12)

inverse_image(A)

Given a submodule A of the codomain of this morphism, return the inverse image of A under this morphism.

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2]); Q = V/W; Q
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)
sage: phi = Q.hom([0, Q.1])
sage: phi.inverse_image(Q.submodule([]))
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4)
sage: phi.kernel()
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4)
sage: phi.inverse_image(phi.codomain())
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)

sage: phi.inverse_image(Q.submodule([Q.0]))
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4)
sage: phi.inverse_image(Q.submodule([Q.1]))
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)

sage: phi.inverse_image(ZZ^3)
...
TypeError: A must be a finitely generated quotient module
sage: phi.inverse_image(ZZ^3 / W.scale(2))
...
ValueError: A must be a submodule of the codomain

kernel()

Compute the kernel of this homomorphism.

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2])
sage: Q = V/W; Q
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4, 12)
sage: Q.hom([0, Q.1]).kernel()
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4)
sage: A = Q.hom([Q.0, 0]).kernel(); A
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (12)
sage: Q.1 in A
True
sage: phi = Q.hom([Q.0-3*Q.1, Q.0+Q.1])
sage: A = phi.kernel(); A
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants (4)
sage: phi(A)
Finitely generated module V/W over Integer Ring with invariants ()

lift(x)

Given an element x in the codomain of self, if possible find an element y in the domain such that self(y) == x. Raise a ValueError if no such y exists.

INPUT:

• x – element of the codomain of self.

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = span([[1/2,1,1],[3/2,2,1],[0,0,1]],ZZ); W = V.span([2*V.0+4*V.1, 9*V.0+12*V.1, 4*V.2])
sage: Q=V/W; phi = Q.hom([2*Q.0, Q.1])
sage: phi.lift(Q.1)
(0, 1)
sage: phi.lift(Q.0)
...
ValueError: no lift of element to domain
sage: phi.lift(2*Q.0)
(1, 0)
sage: phi.lift(2*Q.0+Q.1)
(1, 1)
sage: V = span([[5, -1/2]],ZZ); W = span([[20,-2]],ZZ); Q = V/W; phi=Q.hom([2*Q.0])
sage: x = phi.image().0; phi(phi.lift(x)) == x
True