===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/OpenXM_contrib2/asir2000/engine/nd.c,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -p -r1.33 -r1.37
--- OpenXM_contrib2/asir2000/engine/nd.c	2003/08/19 05:29:11	1.33
+++ OpenXM_contrib2/asir2000/engine/nd.c	2003/08/20 08:38:20	1.37
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenXM: OpenXM_contrib2/asir2000/engine/nd.c,v 1.32 2003/08/19 04:38:09 noro Exp $ */
+/* $OpenXM: OpenXM_contrib2/asir2000/engine/nd.c,v 1.36 2003/08/20 07:55:45 noro Exp $ */
 
 #include "ca.h"
 #include "inline.h"
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ typedef struct oNM {
 		int m;
 		Q z;
 	} c;
-	int td;
 	unsigned int dl[1];
 } *NM;
 
@@ -49,27 +48,24 @@ typedef struct oNMV {
 		int m;
 		Q z;
 	} c;
-	int td;
 	unsigned int dl[1];
 } *NMV;
 
 typedef struct oRHist {
 	struct oRHist *next;
 	int index;
-	int td,sugar;
+	int sugar;
 	unsigned int dl[1];
 } *RHist;
 
 typedef struct oND_pairs {
 	struct oND_pairs *next;
 	int i1,i2;
-	int td,sugar;
+	int sugar;
 	unsigned int lcm[1];
 } *ND_pairs;
 
-int (*nm_compare_function)(NM a,NM b);
-int (*nmv_compare_function)(NMV a,NMV b);
-int (*ndp_compare_function)(ND_pairs a,ND_pairs b);
+int (*nd_compare_function)(unsigned int *a1,unsigned int *a2);
 
 double nd_scale=2;
 static unsigned int **nd_bound;
@@ -94,40 +90,41 @@ int nd_red_len;
 int nd_found,nd_create,nd_notfirst;
 int nm_adv;
 int nmv_adv;
-int nd_degcompat;
+int nd_dcomp;
 
-extern int Top,Reverse;
+extern int Top,Reverse,dp_nelim;
 
-#define HTD(d) ((d)->body->td)
+#define TD(d) (d[0])
 #define HDL(d) ((d)->body->dl)
+#define HTD(d) (TD(HDL(d)))
 #define HCM(d) ((d)->body->c.m)
 #define HCQ(d) ((d)->body->c.z)
 #define CM(a) ((a)->c.m)
 #define CQ(a) ((a)->c.z)
 #define DL(a) ((a)->dl)
-#define TD(a) ((a)->td)
 #define SG(a) ((a)->sugar)
 #define LEN(a) ((a)->len)
 #define LCM(a) ((a)->lcm)
 
-#define NM_COMPARE(m1,m2)\
-(nd_degcompat?(TD(m1)>TD(m2)?1\
-                           :(TD(m1)<TD(m2)?-1:ndl_compare(DL(m1),DL(m2))))\
-            :(*nm_compare_function)(m1,m2))
-#define NMV_COMPARE(m1,m2)\
-(nd_degcompat?(TD(m1)>TD(m2)?1\
-                           :(TD(m1)<TD(m2)?-1:ndl_compare(DL(m1),DL(m2))))\
-            :(*nmv_compare_function)(m1,m2))
-#define NDP_COMPARE(m1,m2)\
-(nd_degcompat?(TD(m1)>TD(m2)?1\
-                           :(TD(m1)<TD(m2)?-1:ndl_compare(LCM(m1),LCM(m2))))\
-            :(*ndp_compare_function)(m1,m2))
+#define TD_DL_COMPARE(d1,d2)\
+(TD(d1)>TD(d2)?1:(TD(d1)<TD(d2)?-1:ndl_lex_compare(d1+1,d2+1)))
+
+#define DL_COMPARE(d1,d2)\
+(nd_dcomp?TD_DL_COMPARE(d1,d2):(*nd_compare_function)(d1,d2))
+
 #define NM_ADV(m) (m = (NM)(((char *)m)+nm_adv))
 #define NEWRHist(r) \
-((r)=(RHist)MALLOC(sizeof(struct oRHist)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int)))
-#define NEWND_pairs(m) if(!_ndp_free_list)_NDP_alloc(); (m)=_ndp_free_list; _ndp_free_list = NEXT(_ndp_free_list)   
-#define NEWNM(m) if(!_nm_free_list)_NM_alloc(); (m)=_nm_free_list; _nm_free_list = NEXT(_nm_free_list)   
-#define MKND(n,m,len,d) if(!_nd_free_list)_ND_alloc(); (d)=_nd_free_list; _nd_free_list = (ND)BDY(_nd_free_list); NV(d)=(n); LEN(d)=(len); BDY(d)=(m)
+((r)=(RHist)MALLOC(sizeof(struct oRHist)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int)))
+#define NEWND_pairs(m) \
+if(!_ndp_free_list)_NDP_alloc();\
+(m)=_ndp_free_list; _ndp_free_list = NEXT(_ndp_free_list)   
+#define NEWNM(m)\
+if(!_nm_free_list)_NM_alloc();\
+(m)=_nm_free_list; _nm_free_list = NEXT(_nm_free_list)   
+#define MKND(n,m,len,d)\
+if(!_nd_free_list)_ND_alloc();\
+(d)=_nd_free_list; _nd_free_list = (ND)BDY(_nd_free_list);\
+NV(d)=(n); LEN(d)=(len); BDY(d)=(m)
 
 #define NEXTRHist(r,c) \
 if(!(r)){NEWRHist(r);(c)=(r);}else{NEWRHist(NEXT(c));(c)=NEXT(c);}
@@ -135,6 +132,7 @@ if(!(r)){NEWRHist(r);(c)=(r);}else{NEWRHist(NEXT(c));(
 if(!(r)){NEWNM(r);(c)=(r);}else{NEWNM(NEXT(c));(c)=NEXT(c);}
 #define NEXTNM2(r,c,s) \
 if(!(r)){(c)=(r)=(s);}else{NEXT(c)=(s);(c)=(s);}
+
 #define FREENM(m) NEXT(m)=_nm_free_list; _nm_free_list=(m)
 #define FREENDP(m) NEXT(m)=_ndp_free_list; _ndp_free_list=(m)
 #define FREEND(m) BDY(m)=(NM)_nd_free_list; _nd_free_list=(m)
@@ -185,11 +183,9 @@ void nd_free_private_storage();
 void _NM_alloc();
 void _ND_alloc();
 int ndl_td(unsigned int *d);
-int ndl_dehomogenize(unsigned int *p);
+void ndl_dehomogenize(unsigned int *p);
 ND nd_add(int mod,ND p1,ND p2);
 ND nd_add_q(ND p1,ND p2);
-ND nd_mul_nm(int mod,ND p,NM m0);
-ND nd_mul_ind_nm(int mod,int index,NM m0);
 int nd_sp(int mod,ND_pairs p,ND *nf);
 int nd_find_reducer(ND g);
 int nd_find_reducer_direct(ND g,NDV *ps,int len);
@@ -213,7 +209,7 @@ void ndp_print(ND_pairs d);
 int nd_length(ND p);
 void nd_mul_c(int mod,ND p,int mul);
 void nd_free_redlist();
-void nd_append_red(unsigned int *d,int td,int i);
+void nd_append_red(unsigned int *d,int i);
 unsigned int *nd_compute_bound(ND p);
 unsigned int *dp_compute_bound(DP p);
 ND_pairs nd_reconstruct(int mod,int trace,ND_pairs ndp);
@@ -251,7 +247,7 @@ void _NM_alloc()
 	int i;
 
 	for ( i = 0; i < 1024; i++ ) {
-		p = (NM)GC_malloc(sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+		p = (NM)GC_malloc(sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 		p->next = _nm_free_list; _nm_free_list = p;
 	}
 }
@@ -274,7 +270,7 @@ void _NDP_alloc()
 
 	for ( i = 0; i < 1024; i++ ) {
 		p = (ND_pairs)GC_malloc(sizeof(struct oND_pairs)
-			+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+			+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 		p->next = _ndp_free_list; _ndp_free_list = p;
 	}
 }
@@ -297,9 +293,10 @@ INLINE int ndl_reducible(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int
 	unsigned int u1,u2;
 	int i,j;
 
+	if ( TD(d1) < TD(d2) ) return 0;
 	switch ( nd_bpe ) {
 		case 4:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( (u1&0xf0000000) < (u2&0xf0000000) ) return 0;
 				if ( (u1&0xf000000) < (u2&0xf000000) ) return 0;
@@ -313,7 +310,7 @@ INLINE int ndl_reducible(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 6:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( (u1&0x3f000000) < (u2&0x3f000000) ) return 0;
 				if ( (u1&0xfc0000) < (u2&0xfc0000) ) return 0;
@@ -324,7 +321,7 @@ INLINE int ndl_reducible(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 8:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( (u1&0xff000000) < (u2&0xff000000) ) return 0;
 				if ( (u1&0xff0000) < (u2&0xff0000) ) return 0;
@@ -334,7 +331,7 @@ INLINE int ndl_reducible(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 16:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( (u1&0xffff0000) < (u2&0xffff0000) ) return 0;
 				if ( (u1&0xffff) < (u2&0xffff) ) return 0;
@@ -342,12 +339,12 @@ INLINE int ndl_reducible(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 32:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				if ( d1[i] < d2[i] ) return 0;
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				for ( j = 0; j < nd_epw; j++ )
 					if ( (u1&nd_mask[j]) < (u2&nd_mask[j]) ) return 0;
@@ -356,9 +353,7 @@ INLINE int ndl_reducible(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int
 	}
 }
 
-/* returns the exponent of homo variable */
-
-int ndl_dehomogenize(unsigned int *d)
+void ndl_dehomogenize(unsigned int *d)
 {
 	unsigned int mask;
 	unsigned int h;
@@ -366,24 +361,23 @@ int ndl_dehomogenize(unsigned int *d)
 
 	if ( nd_isrlex ) {
 		if ( nd_bpe == 32 ) {
-			h = d[0];
-			for ( i = 1; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			h = d[1];
+			for ( i = 2; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				d[i-1] = d[i];
 			d[i-1] = 0;
-			return h;
+			TD(d) -= h;
 		} else {
 			bits = nd_epw*nd_bpe;
 			mask = bits==32?0xffffffff:((1<<(nd_epw*nd_bpe))-1);
-			h = (d[0]>>((nd_epw-1)*nd_bpe))&nd_mask0;
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			h = (d[1]>>((nd_epw-1)*nd_bpe))&nd_mask0;
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				d[i] = ((d[i]<<nd_bpe)&mask)
-					|(i+1<nd_wpd?((d[i+1]>>((nd_epw-1)*nd_bpe))&nd_mask0):0);
-			return h;
+					|(i+1<=nd_wpd?((d[i+1]>>((nd_epw-1)*nd_bpe))&nd_mask0):0);
+			TD(d) -= h;
 		}
-	} else {
-		/* do nothing */
-		return d[nd_wpd-1];
-	}
+	} else 
+		TD(d) -= ((d[(nd_nvar-1)/nd_epw+1]>>
+			((nd_epw-((nd_nvar-1)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))&((1<<nd_bpe)-1));
 }
 
 void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned int *d)
@@ -393,7 +387,7 @@ void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned in
 
 	switch ( nd_bpe ) {
 		case 4:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = (u1&0xf0000000); t2 = (u2&0xf0000000); u = t1>t2?t1:t2;
 				t1 = (u1&0xf000000); t2 = (u2&0xf000000); u |= t1>t2?t1:t2;
@@ -407,7 +401,7 @@ void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned in
 			}
 			break;
 		case 6:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = (u1&0x3f000000); t2 = (u2&0x3f000000); u = t1>t2?t1:t2;
 				t1 = (u1&0xfc0000); t2 = (u2&0xfc0000); u |= t1>t2?t1:t2;
@@ -418,7 +412,7 @@ void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned in
 			}
 			break;
 		case 8:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = (u1&0xff000000); t2 = (u2&0xff000000); u = t1>t2?t1:t2;
 				t1 = (u1&0xff0000); t2 = (u2&0xff0000); u |= t1>t2?t1:t2;
@@ -428,7 +422,7 @@ void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned in
 			}
 			break;
 		case 16:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = (u1&0xffff0000); t2 = (u2&0xffff0000); u = t1>t2?t1:t2;
 				t1 = (u1&0xffff); t2 = (u2&0xffff); u |= t1>t2?t1:t2;
@@ -436,13 +430,13 @@ void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned in
 			}
 			break;
 		case 32:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i]; 
 				d[i] = u1>u2?u1:u2;
 			}
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i]; 
 				for ( j = 0, u = 0; j < nd_epw; j++ ) {
 					t1 = (u1&nd_mask[j]); t2 = (u2&nd_mask[j]); u |= t1>t2?t1:t2;
@@ -451,6 +445,7 @@ void ndl_lcm(unsigned int *d1,unsigned *d2,unsigned in
 			}
 			break;
 	}
+	TD(d) = ndl_td(d);
 }
 
 int ndl_td(unsigned int *d)
@@ -458,7 +453,7 @@ int ndl_td(unsigned int *d)
 	unsigned int t,u;
 	int i,j;
 
-	for ( t = 0, i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+	for ( t = 0, i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 		u = d[i];
 		for ( j = 0; j < nd_epw; j++, u>>=nd_bpe )
 			t += (u&nd_mask0); 
@@ -466,7 +461,7 @@ int ndl_td(unsigned int *d)
 	return t;
 }
 
-INLINE int ndl_compare(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
+INLINE int ndl_lex_compare(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
 {
 	int i;
 
@@ -482,8 +477,9 @@ INLINE int ndl_equal(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2
 {
 	int i;
 
-	for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
-		if ( d1[i] != d2[i] )
+	if ( *d1++ != *d2++ ) return 0;
+	for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
+		if ( *d1++ != *d2++ )
 			return 0;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -494,14 +490,16 @@ INLINE void ndl_copy(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2
 
 	switch ( nd_wpd ) {
 		case 1:
-			d2[0] = d1[0];
+			TD(d2) = TD(d1);
+			d2[1] = d1[1];
 			break;
 		case 2:
-			d2[0] = d1[0];
+			TD(d2) = TD(d1);
 			d2[1] = d1[1];
+			d2[2] = d1[2];
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			for ( i = 0; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				d2[i] = d1[i];
 			break;
 	}
@@ -511,45 +509,27 @@ INLINE void ndl_add(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2,
 {
 	int i;
 
+	TD(d) = TD(d1)+TD(d2);
 	switch ( nd_wpd ) {
 		case 1:
-			d[0] = d1[0]+d2[0];
+			d[1] = d1[1]+d2[1];
 			break;
 		case 2:
-			d[0] = d1[0]+d2[0];
 			d[1] = d1[1]+d2[1];
+			d[2] = d1[2]+d2[2];
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				d[i] = d1[i]+d2[i];
 			break;
 	}
 }
 
-INLINE void ndl_add2(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
+INLINE void ndl_sub(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2,unsigned int *d)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	switch ( nd_wpd ) {
-		case 1:
-			d2[0] += d1[0];
-			break;
-		case 2:
-			d2[0] += d1[0];
-			d2[1] += d1[1];
-			break;
-		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
-				d2[i] += d1[i];
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-void ndl_sub(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2,unsigned int *d)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+	for ( i = 0; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 		d[i] = d1[i]-d2[i];
 }
 
@@ -560,7 +540,7 @@ int ndl_disjoint(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
 
 	switch ( nd_bpe ) {
 		case 4:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = u1&0xf0000000; t2 = u2&0xf0000000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
 				t1 = u1&0xf000000; t2 = u2&0xf000000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
@@ -574,7 +554,7 @@ int ndl_disjoint(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 6:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = u1&0x3f000000; t2 = u2&0x3f000000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
 				t1 = u1&0xfc0000; t2 = u2&0xfc0000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
@@ -585,7 +565,7 @@ int ndl_disjoint(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 8:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = u1&0xff000000; t2 = u2&0xff000000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
 				t1 = u1&0xff0000; t2 = u2&0xff0000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
@@ -595,7 +575,7 @@ int ndl_disjoint(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 16:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				t1 = u1&0xffff0000; t2 = u2&0xffff0000; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
 				t1 = u1&0xffff; t2 = u2&0xffff; if ( t1&&t2 ) return 0;
@@ -603,12 +583,12 @@ int ndl_disjoint(unsigned int *d1,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		case 32:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				if ( d1[i] && d2[i] ) return 0;
 			return 1;
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				for ( j = 0; j < nd_epw; j++ ) {
 					if ( (u1&nd_mask0) && (u2&nd_mask0) ) return 0;
@@ -630,7 +610,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2(int index,unsigned int *d2)
 	ind = 0;
 	switch ( nd_bpe ) {
 		case 4:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>28)&0xf) >= 0x10 ) return 1;
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>24)&0xf) >= 0x10 ) return 1;
@@ -644,7 +624,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2(int index,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 6:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>24)&0x3f) >= 0x40 ) return 1;
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>18)&0x3f) >= 0x40 ) return 1;
@@ -655,7 +635,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2(int index,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 8:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>24)&0xff) >= 0x100 ) return 1;
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>16)&0xff) >= 0x100 ) return 1;
@@ -665,7 +645,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2(int index,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 16:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( d1[ind++]+((u2>>16)&0xffff) > 0x10000 ) return 1;
 				if ( d1[ind++]+(u2&0xffff) > 0x10000 ) return 1;
@@ -673,12 +653,12 @@ int ndl_check_bound2(int index,unsigned int *d2)
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 32:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				if ( d1[i]+d2[i]<d1[i] ) return 1;
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u2 = d2[i];
 				k = (nd_epw-1)*nd_bpe;
 				for ( j = 0; j < nd_epw; j++, k -= nd_bpe )
@@ -696,7 +676,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2_direct(unsigned int *d1,unsigned 
 
 	switch ( nd_bpe ) {
 		case 4:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( ((u1>>28)&0xf)+((u2>>28)&0xf) >= 0x10 ) return 1;
 				if ( ((u1>>24)&0xf)+((u2>>24)&0xf) >= 0x10 ) return 1;
@@ -710,7 +690,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2_direct(unsigned int *d1,unsigned 
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 6:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( ((u1>>24)&0x3f)+((u2>>24)&0x3f) >= 0x40 ) return 1;
 				if ( ((u1>>18)&0x3f)+((u2>>18)&0x3f) >= 0x40 ) return 1;
@@ -721,7 +701,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2_direct(unsigned int *d1,unsigned 
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 8:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				if ( ((u1>>24)&0xff)+((u2>>24)&0xff) >= 0x100 ) return 1;
 				if ( ((u1>>16)&0xff)+((u2>>16)&0xff) >= 0x100 ) return 1;
@@ -731,7 +711,7 @@ int ndl_check_bound2_direct(unsigned int *d1,unsigned 
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 16:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 					if ( ((u1>>16)&0xffff)+((u2>>16)&0xffff) > 0x10000 ) return 1;
 					if ( (u2&0xffff)+(u2&0xffff) > 0x10000 ) return 1;
@@ -739,12 +719,12 @@ int ndl_check_bound2_direct(unsigned int *d1,unsigned 
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		case 32:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )
 				if ( d1[i]+d2[i]<d1[i] ) return 1;
 			return 0;
 			break;
 		default:
-			for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ ) {
+			for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) {
 				u1 = d1[i]; u2 = d2[i];
 				k = (nd_epw-1)*nd_bpe;
 				for ( j = 0; j < nd_epw; j++, k -= nd_bpe )
@@ -756,13 +736,13 @@ int ndl_check_bound2_direct(unsigned int *d1,unsigned 
 	}
 }
 
-INLINE int ndl_hash_value(int td,unsigned int *d)
+INLINE int ndl_hash_value(unsigned int *d)
 {
 	int i;
 	int r;
 
-	r = td;
-	for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )	
+	r = 0;
+	for ( i = 0; i <= nd_wpd; i++ )	
 		r = ((r<<16)+d[i])%REDTAB_LEN;
 	return r;
 }
@@ -770,11 +750,13 @@ INLINE int ndl_hash_value(int td,unsigned int *d)
 INLINE int nd_find_reducer(ND g)
 {
 	RHist r;
+	unsigned int *dg;
 	int d,k,i;
 
-	d = ndl_hash_value(HTD(g),HDL(g));
+	dg = HDL(g);
+	d = ndl_hash_value(HDL(g));
 	for ( r = nd_red[d], k = 0; r; r = NEXT(r), k++ ) {
-		if ( HTD(g) == TD(r) && ndl_equal(HDL(g),DL(r)) ) {
+		if ( ndl_equal(dg,DL(r)) ) {
 			if ( k > 0 ) nd_notfirst++;
 			nd_found++;
 			return r->index;
@@ -783,18 +765,18 @@ INLINE int nd_find_reducer(ND g)
 	if ( Reverse )
 		for ( i = nd_psn-1; i >= 0; i-- ) {
 			r = nd_psh[i];
-			if ( HTD(g) >= TD(r) && ndl_reducible(HDL(g),DL(r)) ) {
+			if ( ndl_reducible(dg,DL(r)) ) {
 				nd_create++;
-				nd_append_red(HDL(g),HTD(g),i);
+				nd_append_red(dg,i);
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
 	else
 		for ( i = 0; i < nd_psn; i++ ) {
 			r = nd_psh[i];
-			if ( HTD(g) >= TD(r) && ndl_reducible(HDL(g),DL(r)) ) {
+			if ( ndl_reducible(dg,DL(r)) ) {
 				nd_create++;
-				nd_append_red(HDL(g),HTD(g),i);
+				nd_append_red(dg,i);
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
@@ -810,16 +792,16 @@ INLINE int nd_find_reducer_direct(ND g,NDV *ps,int len
 	if ( Reverse )
 		for ( i = len-1; i >= 0; i-- ) {
 			r = ps[i];
-			if ( HTD(g) >= HTD(r) && ndl_reducible(HDL(g),HDL(r)) ) {
-				nd_append_red(HDL(g),HTD(g),i);
+			if ( ndl_reducible(HDL(g),HDL(r)) ) {
+				nd_append_red(HDL(g),i);
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
 	else
 		for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
 			r = ps[i];
-			if ( HTD(g) >= HTD(r) && ndl_reducible(HDL(g),HDL(r)) ) {
-				nd_append_red(HDL(g),HTD(g),i);
+			if ( ndl_reducible(HDL(g),HDL(r)) ) {
+				nd_append_red(HDL(g),i);
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
@@ -829,32 +811,26 @@ INLINE int nd_find_reducer_direct(ND g,NDV *ps,int len
 ND nd_add(int mod,ND p1,ND p2)
 {
 	int n,c;
-	int t,can;
+	int t,can,td1,td2;
 	ND r;
 	NM m1,m2,mr0,mr,s;
 
-	if ( !p1 )
-		return p2;
-	else if ( !p2 )
-		return p1;
-	else if ( !mod )
-		return nd_add_q(p1,p2);
+	if ( !p1 ) return p2;
+	else if ( !p2 ) return p1;
+	else if ( !mod ) return nd_add_q(p1,p2);
 	else {
 		can = 0;
 		for ( n = NV(p1), m1 = BDY(p1), m2 = BDY(p2), mr0 = 0; m1 && m2; ) {
-			c = NM_COMPARE(m1,m2);
+			c = DL_COMPARE(DL(m1),DL(m2));
 			switch ( c ) {
 				case 0:
 					t = ((CM(m1))+(CM(m2))) - mod;
-					if ( t < 0 )
-						t += mod;
+					if ( t < 0 ) t += mod;
 					s = m1; m1 = NEXT(m1);
 					if ( t ) {
-						can++;
-						NEXTNM2(mr0,mr,s); CM(mr) = (t);
+						can++; NEXTNM2(mr0,mr,s); CM(mr) = (t);
 					} else {
-						can += 2;
-						FREENM(s);
+						can += 2; FREENM(s);
 					}
 					s = m2; m2 = NEXT(m2); FREENM(s);
 					break;
@@ -867,18 +843,12 @@ ND nd_add(int mod,ND p1,ND p2)
 			}
 		}
 		if ( !mr0 )
-			if ( m1 )
-				mr0 = m1;
-			else if ( m2 )
-				mr0 = m2;
-			else
-				return 0;
-		else if ( m1 )
-			NEXT(mr) = m1;
-		else if ( m2 )
-			NEXT(mr) = m2;
-		else
-			NEXT(mr) = 0;
+			if ( m1 ) mr0 = m1;
+			else if ( m2 ) mr0 = m2;
+			else return 0;
+		else if ( m1 ) NEXT(mr) = m1;
+		else if ( m2 ) NEXT(mr) = m2;
+		else NEXT(mr) = 0;
 		BDY(p1) = mr0;
 		SG(p1) = MAX(SG(p1),SG(p2));
 		LEN(p1) = LEN(p1)+LEN(p2)-can;
@@ -894,24 +864,20 @@ ND nd_add_q(ND p1,ND p2)
 	NM m1,m2,mr0,mr,s;
 	Q t;
 
-	if ( !p1 )
-		return p2;
-	else if ( !p2 )
-		return p1;
+	if ( !p1 ) return p2;
+	else if ( !p2 ) return p1;
 	else {
 		can = 0;
 		for ( n = NV(p1), m1 = BDY(p1), m2 = BDY(p2), mr0 = 0; m1 && m2; ) {
-			c = NM_COMPARE(m1,m2);
+			c = DL_COMPARE(DL(m1),DL(m2));
 			switch ( c ) {
 				case 0:
 					addq(CQ(m1),CQ(m2),&t);
 					s = m1; m1 = NEXT(m1);
 					if ( t ) {
-						can++;
-						NEXTNM2(mr0,mr,s); CQ(mr) = (t);
+						can++; NEXTNM2(mr0,mr,s); CQ(mr) = (t);
 					} else {
-						can += 2;
-						FREENM(s);
+						can += 2; FREENM(s);
 					}
 					s = m2; m2 = NEXT(m2); FREENM(s);
 					break;
@@ -924,18 +890,12 @@ ND nd_add_q(ND p1,ND p2)
 			}
 		}
 		if ( !mr0 )
-			if ( m1 )
-				mr0 = m1;
-			else if ( m2 )
-				mr0 = m2;
-			else
-				return 0;
-		else if ( m1 )
-			NEXT(mr) = m1;
-		else if ( m2 )
-			NEXT(mr) = m2;
-		else
-			NEXT(mr) = 0;
+			if ( m1 ) mr0 = m1;
+			else if ( m2 ) mr0 = m2;
+			else return 0;
+		else if ( m1 ) NEXT(mr) = m1;
+		else if ( m2 ) NEXT(mr) = m2;
+		else NEXT(mr) = 0;
 		BDY(p1) = mr0;
 		SG(p1) = MAX(SG(p1),SG(p2));
 		LEN(p1) = LEN(p1)+LEN(p2)-can;
@@ -961,23 +921,16 @@ int nd_nf(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 		*rp = 0;
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if ( !mod )
-		hmag = ((double)p_mag((P)HCQ(g)))*nd_scale;
+	if ( !mod ) hmag = ((double)p_mag((P)HCQ(g)))*nd_scale;
 
 	sugar0 = sugar = SG(g);
 	n = NV(g);
-	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	for ( d = 0; g; ) {
 		index = nd_find_reducer(g);
 		if ( index >= 0 ) {
 			h = nd_psh[index];
 			ndl_sub(HDL(g),DL(h),DL(mul));
-			TD(mul) = HTD(g)-TD(h);
-#if 0
-			if ( d && (SG(p)+TD(mul)) > sugar ) {
-				goto afo;				
-			}
-#endif
 			if ( ndl_check_bound2(index,DL(mul)) ) {
 				nd_free(g); nd_free(d);
 				return 0;
@@ -993,7 +946,7 @@ int nd_nf(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 				nd_mul_c_q(d,cred); nd_mul_c_q(g,cred);
 			}
 			g = nd_add(mod,g,ndv_mul_nm(mod,p,mul));
-			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(mul));
+			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(DL(mul)));
 			if ( !mod && hmag && g && ((double)(p_mag((P)HCQ(g))) > hmag) ) {
 				nd_removecont2(d,g);
 				hmag = ((double)p_mag((P)HCQ(g)))*nd_scale;
@@ -1002,26 +955,20 @@ int nd_nf(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 			*rp = g;
 			return 1;
 		} else {
-afo:
 			m = BDY(g); 
 			if ( NEXT(m) ) {
-				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0;
-				LEN(g)--;
+				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0; LEN(g)--;
 			} else {
 				FREEND(g); g = 0;
 			}
 			if ( d ) {
-				NEXT(tail)=m;
-				tail=m;
-				LEN(d)++;
+				NEXT(tail)=m; tail=m; LEN(d)++;
 			} else {
-				MKND(n,m,1,d);
-				tail = BDY(d);
+				MKND(n,m,1,d); tail = BDY(d);
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if ( d )
-		SG(d) = sugar;
+	if ( d ) SG(d) = sugar;
 	*rp = d;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -1046,17 +993,15 @@ int nd_nf_pbucket(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 	}
 	sugar = SG(g);
 	n = NV(g);
-	if ( !mod )
-		hmag = ((double)p_mag((P)HCQ(g)))*nd_scale;
+	if ( !mod ) hmag = ((double)p_mag((P)HCQ(g)))*nd_scale;
 	bucket = create_pbucket();
 	add_pbucket(mod,bucket,g);
 	d = 0;
-	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	while ( 1 ) {
 		hindex = mod?head_pbucket(mod,bucket):head_pbucket_q(bucket);
 		if ( hindex < 0 ) {
-			if ( d )
-				SG(d) = sugar;
+			if ( d ) SG(d) = sugar;
 			*rp = d;
 			return 1;
 		}
@@ -1065,7 +1010,6 @@ int nd_nf_pbucket(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 		if ( index >= 0 ) {
 			h = nd_psh[index];
 			ndl_sub(HDL(g),DL(h),DL(mul));
-			TD(mul) = HTD(g)-TD(h);
 			if ( ndl_check_bound2(index,DL(mul)) ) {
 				nd_free(d);
 				free_pbucket(bucket);
@@ -1089,12 +1033,12 @@ int nd_nf_pbucket(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 			bucket->body[hindex] = nd_remove_head(g);
 			red = nd_remove_head(red);
 			add_pbucket(mod,bucket,red);
-			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(mul));
+			psugar = SG(p)+TD(DL(mul));
+			sugar = MAX(sugar,psugar);
 			if ( !mod && hmag && (gmag > hmag) ) {
 				g = normalize_pbucket(mod,bucket);
 				if ( !g ) {
-					if ( d )
-						SG(d) = sugar;
+					if ( d ) SG(d) = sugar;
 					*rp = d;
 					return 1;
 				}
@@ -1104,27 +1048,22 @@ int nd_nf_pbucket(int mod,ND g,int full,ND *rp)
 			}
 		} else if ( !full ) {
 			g = normalize_pbucket(mod,bucket);
-			if ( g )
-				SG(g) = sugar;
+			if ( g ) SG(g) = sugar;
 			*rp = g;
 			return 1;
 		} else {
 			m = BDY(g); 
 			if ( NEXT(m) ) {
-				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0;
-				LEN(g)--;
+				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0; LEN(g)--;
 			} else {
 				FREEND(g); g = 0;
 			}
 			bucket->body[hindex] = g;
 			NEXT(m) = 0;
 			if ( d ) {
-				NEXT(tail)=m;
-				tail=m;
-				LEN(d)++;
+				NEXT(tail)=m; tail=m; LEN(d)++;
 			} else {
-				MKND(n,m,1,d);
-				tail = BDY(d);
+				MKND(n,m,1,d); tail = BDY(d);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1156,13 +1095,12 @@ int nd_nf_direct(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,int full
 
 	sugar0 = sugar = SG(g);
 	n = NV(g);
-	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	for ( d = 0; g; ) {
 		index = nd_find_reducer_direct(g,ps,len);
 		if ( index >= 0 ) {
 			p = ps[index];
 			ndl_sub(HDL(g),HDL(p),DL(mul));
-			TD(mul) = HTD(g)-HTD(p);
 			if ( ndl_check_bound2_direct(HDL(p),DL(mul)) ) {
 				nd_free(g); nd_free(d);
 				return 0;
@@ -1176,7 +1114,7 @@ int nd_nf_direct(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,int full
 				nd_mul_c_q(d,cred); nd_mul_c_q(g,cred);
 			}
 			g = nd_add(mod,g,ndv_mul_nm(mod,p,mul));
-			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(mul));
+			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(DL(mul)));
 			if ( !mod && hmag && g && ((double)(p_mag((P)HCQ(g))) > hmag) ) {
 				nd_removecont2(d,g);
 				hmag = ((double)p_mag((P)HCQ(g)))*nd_scale;
@@ -1187,23 +1125,18 @@ int nd_nf_direct(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,int full
 		} else {
 			m = BDY(g); 
 			if ( NEXT(m) ) {
-				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0;
-				LEN(g)--;
+				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0; LEN(g)--;
 			} else {
 				FREEND(g); g = 0;
 			}
 			if ( d ) {
-				NEXT(tail)=m;
-				tail=m;
-				LEN(d)++;
+				NEXT(tail)=m; tail=m; LEN(d)++;
 			} else {
-				MKND(n,m,1,d);
-				tail = BDY(d);
+				MKND(n,m,1,d); tail = BDY(d);
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if ( d )
-		SG(d) = sugar;
+	if ( d ) SG(d) = sugar;
 	*rp = d;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -1238,7 +1171,7 @@ int nd_nf_direct_pbucket(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,
 	bucket = create_pbucket();
 	add_pbucket(mod,bucket,g);
 	d = 0;
-	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	mul = (NM)ALLOCA(sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	while ( 1 ) {
 		hindex = mod?head_pbucket(mod,bucket):head_pbucket_q(bucket);
 		if ( hindex < 0 ) {
@@ -1252,7 +1185,6 @@ int nd_nf_direct_pbucket(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,
 		if ( index >= 0 ) {
 			p = ps[index];
 			ndl_sub(HDL(g),HDL(p),DL(mul));
-			TD(mul) = HTD(g)-HTD(p);
 			if ( ndl_check_bound2_direct(HDL(p),DL(mul)) ) {
 				nd_free(d);
 				free_pbucket(bucket);
@@ -1274,12 +1206,11 @@ int nd_nf_direct_pbucket(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,
 			bucket->body[hindex] = nd_remove_head(g);
 			red = nd_remove_head(red);
 			add_pbucket(mod,bucket,red);
-			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(mul));
+			sugar = MAX(sugar,SG(p)+TD(DL(mul)));
 			if ( !mod && hmag && (gmag > hmag) ) {
 				g = normalize_pbucket(mod,bucket);
 				if ( !g ) {
-					if ( d )
-						SG(d) = sugar;
+					if ( d ) SG(d) = sugar;
 					*rp = d;
 					return 1;
 				}
@@ -1289,27 +1220,22 @@ int nd_nf_direct_pbucket(int mod,ND g,NDV *ps,int len,
 			}
 		} else if ( !full ) {
 			g = normalize_pbucket(mod,bucket);
-			if ( g )
-				SG(g) = sugar;
+			if ( g ) SG(g) = sugar;
 			*rp = g;
 			return 1;
 		} else {
 			m = BDY(g); 
 			if ( NEXT(m) ) {
-				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0;
-				LEN(g)--;
+				BDY(g) = NEXT(m); NEXT(m) = 0; LEN(g)--;
 			} else {
 				FREEND(g); g = 0;
 			}
 			bucket->body[hindex] = g;
 			NEXT(m) = 0;
 			if ( d ) {
-				NEXT(tail)=m;
-				tail=m;
-				LEN(d)++;
+				NEXT(tail)=m; tail=m; LEN(d)++;
 			} else {
-				MKND(n,m,1,d);
-				tail = BDY(d);
+				MKND(n,m,1,d); tail = BDY(d);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1330,14 +1256,11 @@ int nd_check_candidate(NODE input,NODE cand)
 	for ( t = input; t; t = NEXT(t) ) {
 		d = dptond(0,(DP)BDY(t));
 		stat = nd_nf_direct(0,d,nd_psq,n,0,&nf);
-		if ( !stat )
-			nd_reconstruct_direct(0,nd_psq,n);
-		else if ( nf )
-			return 0;
+		if ( !stat ) nd_reconstruct_direct(0,nd_psq,n);
+		else if ( nf ) return 0;
 	}
 	/* gbcheck : cand is a GB of Id(cand) ? */
-	if ( !nd_gb(0,1) )
-		return 0;
+	if ( !nd_gb(0,1) ) return 0;
 	/* XXX */
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -1348,11 +1271,9 @@ ND nd_remove_head(ND p)
 
 	m = BDY(p);
 	if ( !NEXT(m) ) {
-		FREEND(p);
-		p = 0;
+		FREEND(p); p = 0;
 	} else {
-		BDY(p) = NEXT(m);
-		LEN(p)--;
+		BDY(p) = NEXT(m); LEN(p)--;
 	}
 	FREENM(m);
 	return p;
@@ -1404,7 +1325,6 @@ void mulq_pbucket(PGeoBucket g,Q c)
 		nd_mul_c_q(g->body[k],c);
 }
 
-/* XXX not completed */
 int head_pbucket(int mod,PGeoBucket g)
 {
 	int j,i,c,k,nv,sum;
@@ -1423,28 +1343,22 @@ int head_pbucket(int mod,PGeoBucket g)
 				dj = HDL(gj);
 				sum = HCM(gj);
 			} else {
-				di = HDL(gi);
-				nv = NV(gi);
-				c = NM_COMPARE(BDY(gi),BDY(gj));
+				c = DL_COMPARE(HDL(gi),dj);
 				if ( c > 0 ) {
-					if ( sum )
-						HCM(gj) = sum;
-					else
-						g->body[j] = nd_remove_head(gj);
+					if ( sum ) HCM(gj) = sum;
+					else g->body[j] = nd_remove_head(gj);
 					j = i;
 					gj = g->body[j];
 					dj = HDL(gj);
 					sum = HCM(gj);
 				} else if ( c == 0 ) {
 					sum = sum+HCM(gi)-mod;
-					if ( sum < 0 )
-						sum += mod;
+					if ( sum < 0 ) sum += mod;
 					g->body[i] = nd_remove_head(gi);
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		if ( j < 0 )
-			return -1;
+		if ( j < 0 ) return -1;
 		else if ( sum ) {
 			HCM(gj) = sum;
 			return j;
@@ -1457,32 +1371,25 @@ int head_pbucket_q(PGeoBucket g)
 {
 	int j,i,c,k,nv;
 	Q sum,t;
-	unsigned int *di,*dj;
 	ND gi,gj;
 
 	k = g->m;
 	while ( 1 ) {
 		j = -1;
 		for ( i = 0; i <= k; i++ ) {
-			if ( !(gi = g->body[i]) )
-				continue;
+			if ( !(gi = g->body[i]) ) continue;
 			if ( j < 0 ) {
 				j = i;
 				gj = g->body[j];
-				dj = HDL(gj);
 				sum = HCQ(gj);
 			} else {
-				di = HDL(gi);
 				nv = NV(gi);
-				c = NM_COMPARE(BDY(gi),BDY(gj));
+				c = DL_COMPARE(HDL(gi),HDL(gj));
 				if ( c > 0 ) {
-					if ( sum )
-						HCQ(gj) = sum;
-					else
-						g->body[j] = nd_remove_head(gj);
+					if ( sum ) HCQ(gj) = sum;
+					else g->body[j] = nd_remove_head(gj);
 					j = i;
 					gj = g->body[j];
-					dj = HDL(gj);
 					sum = HCQ(gj);
 				} else if ( c == 0 ) {
 					addq(sum,HCQ(gi),&t);
@@ -1491,8 +1398,7 @@ int head_pbucket_q(PGeoBucket g)
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		if ( j < 0 )
-			return -1;
+		if ( j < 0 ) return -1;
 		else if ( sum ) {
 			HCQ(gj) = sum;
 			return j;
@@ -1562,11 +1468,9 @@ again:
 		}
 	}
 	if ( m )
-		for ( t = g; t; t = NEXT(t) )
-			BDY(t) = (pointer)nd_ps[(int)BDY(t)];
+		for ( t = g; t; t = NEXT(t) ) BDY(t) = (pointer)nd_ps[(int)BDY(t)];
 	else
-		for ( t = g; t; t = NEXT(t) )
-			BDY(t) = (pointer)nd_psq[(int)BDY(t)];
+		for ( t = g; t; t = NEXT(t) ) BDY(t) = (pointer)nd_psq[(int)BDY(t)];
 	return g;
 }
 
@@ -1628,12 +1532,12 @@ again:
 
 int ndv_compare(NDV *p1,NDV *p2)
 {
-	return NMV_COMPARE(BDY(*p1),BDY(*p2));
+	return DL_COMPARE(HDL(*p1),HDL(*p2));
 }
 
 int ndv_compare_rev(NDV *p1,NDV *p2)
 {
-	return -NMV_COMPARE(BDY(*p1),BDY(*p2));
+	return -DL_COMPARE(HDL(*p1),HDL(*p2));
 }
 
 NODE nd_reduceall(int m,NODE f)
@@ -1650,10 +1554,8 @@ NODE nd_reduceall(int m,NODE f)
 	qsort(ps,n,sizeof(NDV),(int (*)(const void *,const void *))ndv_compare);
 	w = (NDV *)ALLOCA((n-1)*sizeof(NDV));
 	for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
-		for ( j = 0; j < i; j++ )
-			w[j] = (NDV)ps[j];
-		for ( j = i+1; j < n; j++ )
-			w[j-1] = ps[j];
+		for ( j = 0; j < i; j++ ) w[j] = (NDV)ps[j];
+		for ( j = i+1; j < n; j++ ) w[j-1] = ps[j];
 		g = ndvtond(m,ps[i]);
 		stat = nd_nf_direct(m,g,w,n-1,1,&nf);
 		if ( !stat )
@@ -1661,8 +1563,7 @@ NODE nd_reduceall(int m,NODE f)
 		else if ( !nf ) {
 			printf("."); fflush(stdout);
 			ndv_free(ps[i]);
-			for ( j = i+1; j < n; j++ )
-				ps[j-1] = ps[j];
+			for ( j = i+1; j < n; j++ ) ps[j-1] = ps[j];
 			n--;
 		} else {
 			printf("."); fflush(stdout);
@@ -1693,23 +1594,18 @@ ND_pairs update_pairs( ND_pairs d, NODE /* of index */
 	while ( cur ) {
 		if ( crit_2( cur->i1,cur->i2 ) ) {
 			remove = cur;
-			if ( !prev ) {
-				head = cur = NEXT(cur);
-			} else {
-				cur = NEXT(prev) = NEXT(cur);
-			}
+			if ( !prev ) head = cur = NEXT(cur);
+			else cur = NEXT(prev) = NEXT(cur);
 			FREENDP(remove);
 		} else {
-			prev = cur;
-			cur = NEXT(cur);
+			prev = cur; cur = NEXT(cur);
 		}
 	}
 	if ( !d )
 		return head;
 	else {
 		nd = d;
-		while ( NEXT(nd) )
-			nd = NEXT(nd);
+		while ( NEXT(nd) ) nd = NEXT(nd);
 		NEXT(nd) = head;
 		return d;
 	}
@@ -1719,20 +1615,18 @@ ND_pairs nd_newpairs( NODE g, int t )
 {
 	NODE h;
 	unsigned int *dl;
-	int td,ts,s;
+	int ts,s;
 	ND_pairs r,r0;
 
 	dl = DL(nd_psh[t]);
-	td = TD(nd_psh[t]);
-	ts = SG(nd_psh[t]) - td;
+	ts = SG(nd_psh[t]) - TD(dl);
 	for ( r0 = 0, h = g; h; h = NEXT(h) ) {
 		NEXTND_pairs(r0,r);
 		r->i1 = (int)BDY(h);
 		r->i2 = t;
 		ndl_lcm(DL(nd_psh[r->i1]),dl,r->lcm);
-		TD(r) = ndl_td(r->lcm);
-		s = SG(nd_psh[r->i1])-TD(nd_psh[r->i1]);
-		SG(r) = MAX(s,ts) + TD(r);
+		s = SG(nd_psh[r->i1])-TD(DL(nd_psh[r->i1]));
+		SG(r) = MAX(s,ts) + TD(LCM(r));
 	}
 	NEXT(r) = 0;
 	return r0;
@@ -1748,7 +1642,7 @@ ND_pairs crit_B( ND_pairs d, int s )
 	t = DL(nd_psh[s]);
 	prev = 0;
 	head = cur = d;
-	lcm = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA(nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	lcm = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA((nd_wpd+1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	while ( cur ) {
 		tl = cur->lcm;
 		if ( ndl_reducible(tl,t)
@@ -1762,39 +1656,34 @@ ND_pairs crit_B( ND_pairs d, int s )
 			}
 			FREENDP(remove);
 		} else {
-			prev = cur;
-			cur = NEXT(cur);
+			prev = cur; cur = NEXT(cur);
 		}
 	}
 	return head;
 }
 
+/* XXX : check is necessary */
+
 ND_pairs crit_M( ND_pairs d1 )
 {
 	ND_pairs e,d2,d3,dd,p;
 	unsigned int *id,*jd;
-	int itd,jtd;
 
 	for ( dd = 0, e = d1; e; e = d3 ) {
 		if ( !(d2 = NEXT(e)) ) {
 			NEXT(e) = dd;
 			return e;
 		}
-		id = e->lcm;
-		itd = TD(e);
+		id = LCM(e);
 		for ( d3 = 0; d2; d2 = p ) {
-			p = NEXT(d2),
-			jd = d2->lcm;
-			jtd = TD(d2);
-			if ( jtd == itd  )
-				if ( id == jd );
-				else if ( ndl_reducible(jd,id) ) continue;
-				else if ( ndl_reducible(id,jd) ) goto delit;
-				else ;
-			else if ( jtd > itd )
+			p = NEXT(d2);
+			jd = LCM(d2);
+			if ( ndl_equal(jd,id) )
+				;
+			else if ( TD(jd) > TD(id) )
 				if ( ndl_reducible(jd,id) ) continue;
 				else ;
-			else if ( ndl_reducible(id,jd ) ) goto delit;
+			else if ( ndl_reducible(id,jd) ) goto delit;
 			NEXT(d2) = d3;
 			d3 = d2;
 		}
@@ -1865,16 +1754,14 @@ static ND_pairs equivalent_pairs( ND_pairs d1, ND_pair
 {
 	ND_pairs w,p,r,s;
 	unsigned int *d;
-	int td;
 
 	w = d1;
-	d = w->lcm;
-	td = TD(w);
+	d = LCM(w);
 	s = NEXT(w);
 	NEXT(w) = 0;
 	for ( r = 0; s; s = p ) {
 		p = NEXT(s);
-		if ( td == TD(s) && ndl_equal(d,s->lcm) ) {
+		if ( ndl_equal(d,LCM(s)) ) {
 			NEXT(s) = w;
 			w = s;
 		} else {
@@ -1890,14 +1777,11 @@ NODE update_base(NODE nd,int ndp)
 {
 	unsigned int *dl, *dln;
 	NODE last, p, head;
-	int td,tdn;
 
 	dl = DL(nd_psh[ndp]);
-	td = TD(nd_psh[ndp]);
 	for ( head = last = 0, p = nd; p; ) {
 		dln = DL(nd_psh[(int)BDY(p)]);
-		tdn = TD(nd_psh[(int)BDY(p)]);
-		if ( tdn >= td && ndl_reducible( dln, dl ) ) {
+		if ( ndl_reducible( dln, dl ) ) {
 			p = NEXT(p);
 			if ( last ) NEXT(last) = p;
 		} else {
@@ -1922,7 +1806,8 @@ ND_pairs nd_minp( ND_pairs d, ND_pairs *prest )
 	}
 	s = SG(m);
 	for ( ml = 0, l = m; p; p = NEXT(l = p) )
-		if ( (SG(p) < s) || ((SG(p) == s) && (NDP_COMPARE(p,m) < 0)) ) {
+		if ( (SG(p) < s) 
+			|| ((SG(p) == s) && (DL_COMPARE(LCM(p),LCM(m)) < 0)) ) {
 			ml = l;
 			m = p;
 			s = SG(m);
@@ -1952,7 +1837,7 @@ int nd_newps(int mod,ND a)
 	}
 	nd_removecont(mod,a);
 	nd_bound[nd_psn] = nd_compute_bound(a);
-	NEWRHist(r); SG(r) = SG(a); TD(r) = HTD(a); ndl_copy(HDL(a),DL(r)); 
+	NEWRHist(r); SG(r) = SG(a); ndl_copy(HDL(a),DL(r)); 
 	nd_psh[nd_psn] = r;
 	b = ndtondv(mod,a);
 	len = LEN(b);
@@ -1986,7 +1871,7 @@ int nd_newps_trace(int mod,ND nf,ND nfq)
 	nd_psq[nd_psn] = ndtondv(0,nfq);
 
 	nd_bound[nd_psn] = nd_compute_bound(nfq);
-	NEWRHist(r); SG(r) = SG(nf); TD(r) = HTD(nf); ndl_copy(HDL(nf),DL(r)); 
+	NEWRHist(r); SG(r) = SG(nf); ndl_copy(HDL(nf),DL(r)); 
 	nd_psh[nd_psn] = r;
 	nd_free(nf); nd_free(nfq);
 	return nd_psn++;
@@ -2016,18 +1901,12 @@ void nd_setup(int mod,NODE f)
 		nd_red = (RHist *)MALLOC(REDTAB_LEN*sizeof(RHist));
 	bzero(nd_red,REDTAB_LEN*sizeof(RHist));
 
-	if ( max < 2 )
-		nd_bpe = 2;
-	else if ( max < 4 )
-		nd_bpe = 4;
-	else if ( max < 64 )
-		nd_bpe = 6;
-	else if ( max < 256 )
-		nd_bpe = 8;
-	else if ( max < 65536 )
-		nd_bpe = 16;
-	else
-		nd_bpe = 32;
+	if ( max < 2 ) nd_bpe = 2;
+	else if ( max < 4 ) nd_bpe = 4;
+	else if ( max < 64 ) nd_bpe = 6;
+	else if ( max < 256 ) nd_bpe = 8;
+	else if ( max < 65536 ) nd_bpe = 16;
+	else nd_bpe = 32;
 
 	nd_setup_parameters();
 	nd_free_private_storage();
@@ -2037,11 +1916,9 @@ void nd_setup(int mod,NODE f)
 		a = dptondv(mod,(DP)BDY(f));
 		ndv_removecont(mod,a);
 		len = MAX(len,LEN(a));
-		SG(r) = HTD(a); TD(r) = HTD(a); ndl_copy(HDL(a),DL(r));
-		if ( mod )
-			nd_ps[i] = a;
-		else
-			nd_psq[i] = a;
+		SG(r) = HTD(a); ndl_copy(HDL(a),DL(r));
+		if ( mod ) nd_ps[i] = a;
+		else nd_psq[i] = a;
 		nd_psh[i] = r;
 	}
 }
@@ -2070,18 +1947,12 @@ void nd_setup_trace(int mod,NODE f)
 		nd_red = (RHist *)MALLOC(REDTAB_LEN*sizeof(RHist));
 	bzero(nd_red,REDTAB_LEN*sizeof(RHist));
 
-	if ( max < 2 )
-		nd_bpe = 2;
-	else if ( max < 4 )
-		nd_bpe = 4;
-	else if ( max < 64 )
-		nd_bpe = 6;
-	else if ( max < 256 )
-		nd_bpe = 8;
-	else if ( max < 65536 )
-		nd_bpe = 16;
-	else
-		nd_bpe = 32;
+	if ( max < 2 ) nd_bpe = 2;
+	else if ( max < 4 ) nd_bpe = 4;
+	else if ( max < 64 ) nd_bpe = 6;
+	else if ( max < 256 ) nd_bpe = 8;
+	else if ( max < 65536 ) nd_bpe = 16;
+	else nd_bpe = 32;
 
 	nd_setup_parameters();
 	nd_free_private_storage();
@@ -2091,7 +1962,7 @@ void nd_setup_trace(int mod,NODE f)
 		a = dptondv(0,(DP)BDY(f)); ndv_removecont(0,a); nd_psq[i] = a;
 		NEWRHist(r);
 		len = MAX(len,LEN(a));
-		SG(r) = HTD(a); TD(r) = HTD(a); ndl_copy(HDL(a),DL(r));
+		SG(r) = HTD(a); ndl_copy(HDL(a),DL(r));
 		nd_psh[i] = r;
 	}
 }
@@ -2206,31 +2077,32 @@ void dltondl(int n,DL dl,unsigned int *r)
 	int i;
 
 	d = dl->d;
-	bzero(r,nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	for ( i = 0; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) r[i] = 0;
 	if ( nd_isrlex )
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
-			r[(n-1-i)/nd_epw] |= (d[i]<<((nd_epw-((n-1-i)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe));
+			r[(n-1-i)/nd_epw+1] |= (d[i]<<((nd_epw-((n-1-i)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe));
 	else
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
-			r[i/nd_epw] |= d[i]<<((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe);
+			r[i/nd_epw+1] |= d[i]<<((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe);
+	TD(r) = ndl_td(r);
 }
 
-DL ndltodl(int n,int td,unsigned int *ndl)
+DL ndltodl(int n,unsigned int *ndl)
 {
 	DL dl;
 	int *d;
 	int i;
 
 	NEWDL(dl,n);
-	TD(dl) = td;
+	dl->td = TD(ndl);
 	d = dl->d;
 	if ( nd_isrlex )
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
-			d[i] = (ndl[(n-1-i)/nd_epw]>>((nd_epw-((n-1-i)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
+			d[i] = (ndl[(n-1-i)/nd_epw+1]>>((nd_epw-((n-1-i)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
 				&((1<<nd_bpe)-1);
 	else
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
-			d[i] = (ndl[i/nd_epw]>>((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
+			d[i] = (ndl[i/nd_epw+1]>>((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
 				&((1<<nd_bpe)-1);
 	return dl;
 }
@@ -2248,11 +2120,8 @@ ND dptond(int mod,DP p)
 	m0 = 0;
 	for ( t = BDY(p), l = 0; t; t = NEXT(t), l++ ) {
 		NEXTNM(m0,m);
-		if ( mod )
-			CM(m) = ITOS(C(t));
-		else
-			CQ(m) = (Q)C(t);
-		TD(m) = TD(DL(t));
+		if ( mod ) CM(m) = ITOS(C(t));
+		else CQ(m) = (Q)C(t);
 		dltondl(n,DL(t),DL(m));
 	}
 	NEXT(m) = 0;
@@ -2274,11 +2143,9 @@ DP ndtodp(int mod,ND p)
 	m0 = 0;
 	for ( t = BDY(p); t; t = NEXT(t) ) {
 		NEXTMP(m0,m);
-		if ( mod )
-			C(m) = STOI(CM(t));
-		else
-			C(m) = (P)CQ(t);
-		DL(m) = ndltodl(n,TD(t),DL(t));
+		if ( mod ) C(m) = STOI(CM(t));
+		else C(m) = (P)CQ(t);
+		DL(m) = ndltodl(n,DL(t));
 	}
 	NEXT(m) = 0;
 	MKDP(n,m0,d);
@@ -2296,12 +2163,12 @@ void ndl_print(unsigned int *dl)
 	if ( nd_isrlex )
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
 			printf(i==n-1?"%d":"%d,",
-				(dl[(n-1-i)/nd_epw]>>((nd_epw-((n-1-i)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
+				(dl[(n-1-i)/nd_epw+1]>>((nd_epw-((n-1-i)%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
 					&((1<<nd_bpe)-1));
 	else
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
 			printf(i==n-1?"%d":"%d,",
-				(dl[i/nd_epw]>>((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
+				(dl[i/nd_epw+1]>>((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))
 					&((1<<nd_bpe)-1));
 	printf(">>");
 }
@@ -2342,9 +2209,7 @@ void ndp_print(ND_pairs d)
 {
 	ND_pairs t;
 
-	for ( t = d; t; t = NEXT(t) ) {
-		printf("%d,%d ",t->i1,t->i2);
-	}
+	for ( t = d; t; t = NEXT(t) ) printf("%d,%d ",t->i1,t->i2);
 	printf("\n");
 }
 
@@ -2357,15 +2222,13 @@ void nd_removecont(int mod,ND p)
 	struct oVECT v;
 	N q,r;
 
-	if ( mod )
-		nd_mul_c(mod,p,invm(HCM(p),mod));
+	if ( mod ) nd_mul_c(mod,p,invm(HCM(p),mod));
 	else {
 		for ( m = BDY(p), n = 0; m; m = NEXT(m), n++ );
 		w = (Q *)ALLOCA(n*sizeof(Q));
 		v.len = n;
 		v.body = (pointer *)w;
-		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < n; m = NEXT(m), i++ )
-			w[i] = CQ(m);
+		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < n; m = NEXT(m), i++ ) w[i] = CQ(m);
 		removecont_array(w,n);
 		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < n; m = NEXT(m), i++ ) CQ(m) = w[i];	
 	}
@@ -2391,10 +2254,8 @@ void nd_removecont2(ND p1,ND p2)
 	w = (Q *)ALLOCA(n*sizeof(Q));
 	v.len = n;
 	v.body = (pointer *)w;
-	for ( m = BDY(p1), i = 0; i < n1; m = NEXT(m), i++ )
-		w[i] = CQ(m);
-	for ( m = BDY(p2); i < n; m = NEXT(m), i++ )
-		w[i] = CQ(m);
+	for ( m = BDY(p1), i = 0; i < n1; m = NEXT(m), i++ ) w[i] = CQ(m);
+	for ( m = BDY(p2); i < n; m = NEXT(m), i++ ) w[i] = CQ(m);
 	removecont_array(w,n);
 	for ( m = BDY(p1), i = 0; i < n1; m = NEXT(m), i++ ) CQ(m) = w[i];	
 	for ( m = BDY(p2); i < n; m = NEXT(m), i++ ) CQ(m) = w[i];	
@@ -2412,8 +2273,7 @@ void ndv_removecont(int mod,NDV p)
 	else {
 		len = p->len;
 		w = (Q *)ALLOCA(len*sizeof(Q));
-		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; NMV_ADV(m), i++ )
-			w[i] = CQ(m);
+		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; NMV_ADV(m), i++ ) w[i] = CQ(m);
 		sortbynm(w,len);
 		qltozl(w,len,&dvr);
 		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; NMV_ADV(m), i++ ) {
@@ -2435,12 +2295,12 @@ void ndv_dehomogenize(NDV p)
 	newnvar = nd_nvar-1;
 	newwpd = newnvar/nd_epw+(newnvar%nd_epw?1:0);
 	for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; NMV_ADV(m), i++ )
-		TD(m) -= ndl_dehomogenize(DL(m));
+		ndl_dehomogenize(DL(m));
 	if ( newwpd != nd_wpd ) {
-		d = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA(newwpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
-		newadv = sizeof(struct oNMV)+(newwpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int);
+		d = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA((newwpd+1)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+		newadv = sizeof(struct oNMV)+newwpd*sizeof(unsigned int);
 		for ( m = r = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; NMV_ADV(m), NEWADV(r), i++ ) {
-			CQ(r) = CQ(m); TD(r) = TD(m); ndl_copy(DL(m),d); ndl_copy(d,DL(r));
+			CQ(r) = CQ(m); ndl_copy(DL(m),d); ndl_copy(d,DL(r));
 		}
 	}
 	NV(p)--;
@@ -2463,9 +2323,7 @@ void removecont_array(Q *c,int n)
 		NTOQ(qn,SGN(c[i])*SGN(d0),q[i]);
 		NTOQ(rn,SGN(c[i]),r[i]);
 	}
-	for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
-		if ( r[i] )
-			break;
+	for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) if ( r[i] ) break;
 	if ( i < n ) {
 		v.id = O_VECT; v.len = n; v.body = (pointer *)r;
 		igcdv(&v,&d1);
@@ -2480,8 +2338,7 @@ void removecont_array(Q *c,int n)
 				q[i] = u;
 		}
 	}
-	for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
-		c[i] = q[i];
+	for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) c[i] = q[i];
 }
 
 void nd_mul_c(int mod,ND p,int mul)
@@ -2489,8 +2346,7 @@ void nd_mul_c(int mod,ND p,int mul)
 	NM m;
 	int c,c1;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return;
+	if ( !p ) return;
 	for ( m = BDY(p); m; m = NEXT(m) ) {
 		c1 = CM(m);
 		DMAR(c1,mul,0,mod,c);
@@ -2503,8 +2359,7 @@ void nd_mul_c_q(ND p,Q mul)
 	NM m;
 	Q c;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return;
+	if ( !p ) return;
 	for ( m = BDY(p); m; m = NEXT(m) ) {
 		mulq(CQ(m),mul,&c); CQ(m) = c;
 	}
@@ -2514,8 +2369,7 @@ void nd_free(ND p)
 {
 	NM t,s;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return;
+	if ( !p ) return;
 	t = BDY(p);
 	while ( t ) {
 		s = NEXT(t);
@@ -2530,15 +2384,14 @@ void ndv_free(NDV p)
 	GC_free(BDY(p));
 }
 
-void nd_append_red(unsigned int *d,int td,int i)
+void nd_append_red(unsigned int *d,int i)
 {
 	RHist m,m0;
 	int h;
 
 	NEWRHist(m);
-	h = ndl_hash_value(td,d);
+	h = ndl_hash_value(d);
 	m->index = i;
-	TD(m) = td;
 	ndl_copy(d,DL(m));
 	NEXT(m) = nd_red[h];
 	nd_red[h] = m;
@@ -2555,7 +2408,8 @@ unsigned int *dp_compute_bound(DP p)
 	d1 = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA(nd_nvar*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	d2 = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA(nd_nvar*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	m = BDY(p);
-	bcopy(DL(m)->d,d1,nd_nvar*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	d = DL(m)->d;
+	for ( i = 0; i < nd_nvar; i++ ) d1[i] = d[i];
 	for ( m = NEXT(BDY(p)); m; m = NEXT(m) ) {
 		d = DL(m)->d;
 		for ( i = 0; i < nd_nvar; i++ )
@@ -2564,8 +2418,8 @@ unsigned int *dp_compute_bound(DP p)
 	}
 	l = (nd_nvar+31);
 	t = (unsigned int *)MALLOC_ATOMIC(l*sizeof(unsigned int));
-	bzero(t,l*sizeof(unsigned int));
-	bcopy(d1,t,nd_nvar*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	for ( i = 0; i < nd_nvar; i++ ) t[i] = d1[i];
+	for ( ; i < l; i++ ) t[i] = 0;
 	return t;
 }
 
@@ -2579,16 +2433,17 @@ unsigned int *nd_compute_bound(ND p)
 		return 0;
 	d1 = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA(nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
 	d2 = (unsigned int *)ALLOCA(nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
-	bcopy(HDL(p),d1,nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	ndl_copy(HDL(p),d1);
 	for ( m = NEXT(BDY(p)); m; m = NEXT(m) ) {
 		ndl_lcm(DL(m),d1,d2);
 		t = d1; d1 = d2; d2 = t;
 	}
 	l = nd_nvar+31;
 	t = (unsigned int *)MALLOC_ATOMIC(l*sizeof(unsigned int));
-	bzero(t,l*sizeof(unsigned int));
+	for ( i = 0; i < l; i++ ) t[i] = 0;
 	for ( i = 0; i < nd_nvar; i++ )
-		t[i] = (d1[i/nd_epw]>>((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))&nd_mask0;
+		t[i] = (d1[i/nd_epw+1]>>((nd_epw-(i%nd_epw)-1)*nd_bpe))&nd_mask0;
+	for ( ; i < l; i++ ) t[i] = 0;
 	return t;
 }
 
@@ -2608,34 +2463,29 @@ void nd_setup_parameters() {
 		nd_mask[nd_epw-i-1] = (nd_mask0<<(i*nd_bpe));
 		nd_mask1 |= (1<<(nd_bpe-1))<<(i*nd_bpe);
 	}
-	nm_adv = sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int);
-	nmv_adv = sizeof(struct oNMV)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int);
+	nm_adv = sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int);
+	nmv_adv = sizeof(struct oNMV)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int);
 }
 
 /* mod < 0 => realloc nd_ps and pd_psq */
 
 ND_pairs nd_reconstruct(int mod,int trace,ND_pairs d)
 {
-	int i,obpe,oadv;
+	int i,obpe,oadv,h;
 	NM prev_nm_free_list;
 	RHist mr0,mr;
 	RHist r;
+	RHist *old_red;
 	ND_pairs s0,s,t,prev_ndp_free_list;
 
 	obpe = nd_bpe;
 	oadv = nmv_adv;
-	if ( obpe < 4 )
-		nd_bpe = 4;
-	else if ( obpe < 6 )
-		nd_bpe = 6;
-	else if ( obpe < 8 )
-		nd_bpe = 8;
-	else if ( obpe < 16 )
-		nd_bpe = 16;
-	else if ( obpe < 32 )
-		nd_bpe = 32;
-	else
-		error("nd_reconstruct : exponent too large");
+	if ( obpe < 4 ) nd_bpe = 4;
+	else if ( obpe < 6 ) nd_bpe = 6;
+	else if ( obpe < 8 ) nd_bpe = 8;
+	else if ( obpe < 16 ) nd_bpe = 16;
+	else if ( obpe < 32 ) nd_bpe = 32;
+	else error("nd_reconstruct : exponent too large");
 
 	nd_setup_parameters();
 	prev_nm_free_list = _nm_free_list;
@@ -2643,34 +2493,38 @@ ND_pairs nd_reconstruct(int mod,int trace,ND_pairs d)
 	_nm_free_list = 0;
 	_ndp_free_list = 0;
 	if ( mod != 0 )
-		for ( i = nd_psn-1; i >= 0; i-- )
-			ndv_realloc(nd_ps[i],obpe,oadv);
+		for ( i = nd_psn-1; i >= 0; i-- ) ndv_realloc(nd_ps[i],obpe,oadv);
 	if ( !mod || trace )
-		for ( i = nd_psn-1; i >= 0; i-- )
-			ndv_realloc(nd_psq[i],obpe,oadv);
+		for ( i = nd_psn-1; i >= 0; i-- ) ndv_realloc(nd_psq[i],obpe,oadv);
 	s0 = 0;
 	for ( t = d; t; t = NEXT(t) ) {
 		NEXTND_pairs(s0,s);
 		s->i1 = t->i1;
 		s->i2 = t->i2;
-		TD(s) = TD(t);
 		SG(s) = SG(t);
-		ndl_dup(obpe,t->lcm,s->lcm);
+		ndl_dup(obpe,LCM(t),LCM(s));
 	}
+	
+	old_red = (RHist *)ALLOCA(REDTAB_LEN*sizeof(RHist));
 	for ( i = 0; i < REDTAB_LEN; i++ ) {
-		for ( mr0 = 0, r = nd_red[i]; r; r = NEXT(r) ) {
-			NEXTRHist(mr0,mr);
+		old_red[i] = nd_red[i];
+		nd_red[i] = 0;
+	}
+	for ( i = 0; i < REDTAB_LEN; i++ )
+		for ( r = old_red[i]; r; r = NEXT(r) ) {
+			NEWRHist(mr);
 			mr->index = r->index;
 			SG(mr) = SG(r);
-			TD(mr) = TD(r);
 			ndl_dup(obpe,DL(r),DL(mr));
+			h = ndl_hash_value(DL(mr));
+			NEXT(mr) = nd_red[h];
+			nd_red[h] = mr;
 		}
-		if ( mr0 ) NEXT(mr) = 0;
-		nd_red[i] = mr0;
-	}
+	for ( i = 0; i < REDTAB_LEN; i++ ) old_red[i] = 0;
+	old_red = 0;
 	for ( i = 0; i < nd_psn; i++ ) {
 		NEWRHist(r); SG(r) = SG(nd_psh[i]);
-		TD(r) = TD(nd_psh[i]); ndl_dup(obpe,DL(nd_psh[i]),DL(r));
+		ndl_dup(obpe,DL(nd_psh[i]),DL(r));
 		nd_psh[i] = r;
 	}
 	if ( s0 ) NEXT(s) = 0;
@@ -2682,46 +2536,45 @@ ND_pairs nd_reconstruct(int mod,int trace,ND_pairs d)
 
 void nd_reconstruct_direct(int mod,NDV *ps,int len)
 {
-	int i,obpe,oadv;
+	int i,obpe,oadv,h;
 	NM prev_nm_free_list;
 	RHist mr0,mr;
 	RHist r;
+	RHist *old_red;
 	ND_pairs s0,s,t,prev_ndp_free_list;
 
 	obpe = nd_bpe;
 	oadv = nmv_adv;
-	if ( obpe < 4 )
-		nd_bpe = 4;
-	else if ( obpe < 6 )
-		nd_bpe = 6;
-	else if ( obpe < 8 )
-		nd_bpe = 8;
-	else if ( obpe < 16 )
-		nd_bpe = 16;
-	else if ( obpe < 32 )
-		nd_bpe = 32;
-	else
-		error("nd_reconstruct_direct : exponent too large");
+	if ( obpe < 4 ) nd_bpe = 4;
+	else if ( obpe < 6 ) nd_bpe = 6;
+	else if ( obpe < 8 ) nd_bpe = 8;
+	else if ( obpe < 16 ) nd_bpe = 16;
+	else if ( obpe < 32 ) nd_bpe = 32;
+	else error("nd_reconstruct_direct : exponent too large");
 
 	nd_setup_parameters();
 	prev_nm_free_list = _nm_free_list;
 	prev_ndp_free_list = _ndp_free_list;
-	_nm_free_list = 0;
-	_ndp_free_list = 0;
+	_nm_free_list = 0; _ndp_free_list = 0;
 	if ( mod != 0 )
-		for ( i = len-1; i >= 0; i-- )
-			ndv_realloc(ps[i],obpe,oadv);
+		for ( i = len-1; i >= 0; i-- ) ndv_realloc(ps[i],obpe,oadv);
+	old_red = (RHist *)ALLOCA(REDTAB_LEN*sizeof(RHist));
 	for ( i = 0; i < REDTAB_LEN; i++ ) {
-		for ( mr0 = 0, r = nd_red[i]; r; r = NEXT(r) ) {
-			NEXTRHist(mr0,mr);
+		old_red[i] = nd_red[i];
+		nd_red[i] = 0;
+	}
+	for ( i = 0; i < REDTAB_LEN; i++ )
+		for ( r = old_red[i]; r; r = NEXT(r) ) {
+			NEWRHist(mr);
 			mr->index = r->index;
 			SG(mr) = SG(r);
-			TD(mr) = TD(r);
 			ndl_dup(obpe,DL(r),DL(mr));
+			h = ndl_hash_value(DL(mr));
+			NEXT(mr) = nd_red[h];
+			nd_red[h] = mr;
 		}
-		if ( mr0 ) NEXT(mr) = 0;
-		nd_red[i] = mr0;
-	}
+	for ( i = 0; i < REDTAB_LEN; i++ ) old_red[i] = 0;
+	old_red = 0;
 	prev_nm_free_list = 0;
 	prev_ndp_free_list = 0;
 	GC_gcollect();
@@ -2735,19 +2588,19 @@ void ndl_dup(int obpe,unsigned int *d,unsigned int *r)
 	oepw = (sizeof(unsigned int)*8)/obpe;
 	cepw = nd_epw;
 	cbpe = nd_bpe;
-	for ( i = 0; i < nd_wpd; i++ )
-		r[i] = 0;
+	TD(r) = TD(d);
+	for ( i = 1; i <= nd_wpd; i++ ) r[i] = 0;
 	if ( nd_isrlex )
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
-			ei = (d[(n-1-i)/oepw]>>((oepw-((n-1-i)%oepw)-1)*obpe))
+			ei = (d[(n-1-i)/oepw+1]>>((oepw-((n-1-i)%oepw)-1)*obpe))
 				&((1<<obpe)-1);
-			r[(n-1-i)/cepw] |= (ei<<((cepw-((n-1-i)%cepw)-1)*cbpe));
+			r[(n-1-i)/cepw+1] |= (ei<<((cepw-((n-1-i)%cepw)-1)*cbpe));
 		}
 	else
 		for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
-			ei = (d[i/oepw]>>((oepw-(i%oepw)-1)*obpe))
+			ei = (d[i/oepw+1]>>((oepw-(i%oepw)-1)*obpe))
 				&((1<<obpe)-1);
-			r[i/cepw] |= (ei<<((cepw-(i%cepw)-1)*cbpe));
+			r[i/cepw+1] |= (ei<<((cepw-(i%cepw)-1)*cbpe));
 		}
 }
 
@@ -2760,7 +2613,6 @@ void nd_realloc(ND p,int obpe)
 		for ( mr0 = 0; m; m = NEXT(m) ) {
 			NEXTNM(mr0,mr);
 			CM(mr) = CM(m);
-			TD(mr) = TD(m);
 			ndl_dup(obpe,DL(m),DL(mr));
 		}
 		NEXT(mr) = 0; 
@@ -2777,11 +2629,10 @@ ND nd_copy(ND p)
 	if ( !p )
 		return 0;
 	else {
-		s = sizeof(struct oNM)+(nd_wpd-1)*sizeof(unsigned int);
+		s = sizeof(struct oNM)+nd_wpd*sizeof(unsigned int);
 		for ( mr0 = 0, m = BDY(p); m; m = NEXT(m) ) {
 			NEXTNM(mr0,mr);
 			CM(mr) = CM(m);
-			TD(mr) = TD(m);
 			ndl_copy(DL(m),DL(mr));
 		}
 		NEXT(mr) = 0; 
@@ -2804,19 +2655,15 @@ int nd_sp(int mod,ND_pairs p,ND *rp)
 	} else {
 		p1 = nd_psq[p->i1]; p2 = nd_psq[p->i2];
 	}
-	lcm = p->lcm;
-	td = TD(p);
+	lcm = LCM(p);
 	NEWNM(m);
 	CQ(m) = HCQ(p2);
-	TD(m) = td-HTD(p1); ndl_sub(lcm,HDL(p1),DL(m));
-	if ( ndl_check_bound2(p->i1,DL(m)) )
-		return 0;
+	ndl_sub(lcm,HDL(p1),DL(m));
+	if ( ndl_check_bound2(p->i1,DL(m)) ) return 0;
 	t1 = ndv_mul_nm(mod,p1,m);
-	if ( mod )
-		CM(m) = mod-HCM(p1); 
-	else
-		chsgnq(HCQ(p1),&CQ(m));
-	TD(m) = td-HTD(p2); ndl_sub(lcm,HDL(p2),DL(m));
+	if ( mod ) CM(m) = mod-HCM(p1); 
+	else chsgnq(HCQ(p1),&CQ(m));
+	ndl_sub(lcm,HDL(p2),DL(m));
 	if ( ndl_check_bound2(p->i2,DL(m)) ) {
 		nd_free(t1);
 		return 0;
@@ -2832,13 +2679,10 @@ void ndv_mul_c(int mod,NDV p,int mul)
 	NMV m;
 	int c,c1,len,i;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return;
+	if ( !p ) return;
 	len = LEN(p);
 	for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
-		c1 = CM(m);
-		DMAR(c1,mul,0,mod,c);
-		CM(m) = c;
+		c1 = CM(m); DMAR(c1,mul,0,mod,c); CM(m) = c;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2848,8 +2692,7 @@ void ndv_mul_c_q(NDV p,Q mul)
 	Q c;
 	int len,i;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return;
+	if ( !p ) return;
 	len = LEN(p);
 	for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
 		mulq(CQ(m),mul,&c); CQ(m) = c;
@@ -2865,13 +2708,13 @@ ND ndv_mul_nm(int mod,NDV p,NM m0)
 	Q q;
 	ND r;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return 0;
+	if ( !p ) return 0;
 	else {
 		n = NV(p); m = BDY(p);
-		d = DL(m0); td = TD(m0); 
+		d = DL(m0);
 		len = LEN(p);
 		mr0 = 0;
+		td = TD(d);
 		if ( mod ) {
 			c = CM(m0);
 			for ( i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
@@ -2879,7 +2722,6 @@ ND ndv_mul_nm(int mod,NDV p,NM m0)
 				c1 = CM(m);
 				DMAR(c1,c,0,mod,c2);
 				CM(mr) = c2;
-				TD(mr) = TD(m)+td;
 				ndl_add(DL(m),d,DL(mr));
 			}
 		} else {
@@ -2887,13 +2729,12 @@ ND ndv_mul_nm(int mod,NDV p,NM m0)
 			for ( i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
 				NEXTNM(mr0,mr);
 				mulq(CQ(m),q,&CQ(mr));
-				TD(mr) = TD(m)+td;
 				ndl_add(DL(m),d,DL(mr));
 			}
 		}
 		NEXT(mr) = 0; 
 		MKND(NV(p),mr0,len,r);
-		SG(r) = SG(p) + td;
+		SG(r) = SG(p) + TD(d);
 		return r;
 	}
 }
@@ -2908,20 +2749,15 @@ void ndv_realloc(NDV p,int obpe,int oadv)
 
 	if ( p ) {
 		m = BDY(p); len = LEN(p);
-		if ( nmv_adv > oadv )
-			mr0 = (NMV)REALLOC(BDY(p),len*nmv_adv);
-		else
-			mr0 = BDY(p);
+		mr0 = nmv_adv>oadv?(NMV)REALLOC(BDY(p),len*nmv_adv):BDY(p);
 		m = (NMV)((char *)mr0+(len-1)*oadv);
 		mr = (NMV)((char *)mr0+(len-1)*nmv_adv);
 		t = (NMV)ALLOCA(nmv_adv);
 		for ( i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_OPREV(m), NMV_PREV(mr) ) {
 			CQ(t) = CQ(m);
-			TD(t) = TD(m);
 			for ( k = 0; k < nd_wpd; k++ ) DL(t)[k] = 0;
 			ndl_dup(obpe,DL(m),DL(t));
 			CQ(mr) = CQ(t);
-			TD(mr) = TD(t);
 			ndl_copy(DL(t),DL(mr));
 		}
 		BDY(p) = mr0;
@@ -2935,15 +2771,10 @@ NDV ndtondv(int mod,ND p)
 	NM t;
 	int i,len;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return 0;
+	if ( !p ) return 0;
 	len = LEN(p);
-	if ( mod )
-		m0 = m = (NMV)MALLOC_ATOMIC(len*nmv_adv);
-	else
-		m0 = m = (NMV)MALLOC(len*nmv_adv);
+	m0 = m = (NMV)(mod?MALLOC_ATOMIC(len*nmv_adv):MALLOC(len*nmv_adv));
 	for ( t = BDY(p), i = 0; t; t = NEXT(t), i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
-		TD(m) = TD(t);
 		ndl_copy(DL(t),DL(m));
 		CQ(m) = CQ(t);
 	}
@@ -2959,13 +2790,11 @@ ND ndvtond(int mod,NDV p)
 	NMV t;
 	int i,len;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return 0;
+	if ( !p ) return 0;
 	m0 = 0;
 	len = p->len;
 	for ( t = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; NMV_ADV(t), i++ ) {
 		NEXTNM(m0,m);
-		TD(m) = TD(t);
 		ndl_copy(DL(t),DL(m));
 		CQ(m) = CQ(t);
 	}
@@ -2983,8 +2812,7 @@ NDV dptondv(int mod,DP p)
 	DP q;
 	int l,i,n;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return 0;
+	if ( !p ) return 0;
 	for ( t = BDY(p), l = 0; t; t = NEXT(t), l++ );
 	if ( mod ) {
 		_dp_mod(p,mod,0,&q); p = q;
@@ -2993,11 +2821,8 @@ NDV dptondv(int mod,DP p)
 		m0 = m = (NMV)MALLOC(l*nmv_adv);
 	n = NV(p);
 	for ( t = BDY(p), i = 0; i < l; i++, t = NEXT(t), NMV_ADV(m) ) {
-		if ( mod )
-			CM(m) = ITOS(C(t));
-		else
-			CQ(m) = (Q)C(t);
-		TD(m) = TD(DL(t));
+		if ( mod ) CM(m) = ITOS(C(t));
+		else CQ(m) = (Q)C(t);
 		dltondl(n,DL(t),DL(m));
 	}
 	MKNDV(n,m0,l,d);
@@ -3012,18 +2837,15 @@ DP ndvtodp(int mod,NDV p)
 	NMV t;
 	int len,i,n;
 
-	if ( !p )
-		return 0;
+	if ( !p ) return 0;
 	m0 = 0;
 	len = LEN(p);
 	n = NV(p);
 	for ( t = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(t) ) {
 		NEXTMP(m0,m);
-		if ( mod ) 
-			C(m) = STOI(CM(t));
-		else
-			C(m) = (P)CQ(t);
-		DL(m) = ndltodl(n,TD(t),DL(t));
+		if ( mod ) C(m) = STOI(CM(t));
+		else C(m) = (P)CQ(t);
+		DL(m) = ndltodl(n,DL(t));
 	}
 	NEXT(m) = 0;
 	MKDP(NV(p),m0,d);
@@ -3036,8 +2858,7 @@ void ndv_print(NDV p)
 	NMV m;
 	int i,len;
     
-	if ( !p )
-		printf("0\n");
+	if ( !p ) printf("0\n");
 	else {
 		len = LEN(p);
 		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
@@ -3053,8 +2874,7 @@ void ndv_print_q(NDV p)
 	NMV m;
 	int i,len;
     
-	if ( !p )
-		printf("0\n");
+	if ( !p ) printf("0\n");
 	else {
 		len = LEN(p);
 		for ( m = BDY(p), i = 0; i < len; i++, NMV_ADV(m) ) {
@@ -3067,18 +2887,6 @@ void ndv_print_q(NDV p)
 	}
 }
 
-int nd_equal(ND a,ND b)
-{
-	NM ma,mb;
-
-	if ( (!a && b)||(a&& !b)||(NV(a) != NV(b))||(SG(a) != SG(b)) ) return 0;
-	for ( ma = BDY(a), mb = BDY(b); ma && mb; ma = NEXT(ma), mb = NEXT(mb) ) {
-		if ( (TD(ma) != TD(mb)) || !ndl_equal(DL(ma),DL(mb)) ) return 0;
-	}
-	if ( !ma && !mb ) return 1;
-	else return 0;
-}
-
 NODE nd_reducebase(NODE x)
 {
 	int len,i,j;
@@ -3106,15 +2914,20 @@ void nd_init_ord(struct order_spec *ord)
 {
 	if ( ord->id )
 		error("nd_gr : unsupported order");
-	nd_degcompat = 0;
+	nd_dcomp = 0;
 	switch ( ord->ord.simple ) {
 		case 0:
-			nd_degcompat = 1;
+			nd_dcomp = 1;
 			nd_isrlex = 1;
 			break;
 		case 1:
-			nd_degcompat = 1;
+			nd_dcomp = 1;
 			nd_isrlex = 0;
+			break;
+		case 9:
+			/* td1->td->rlex */
+			nd_dcomp = -dp_nelim;
+			nd_isrlex = 1;
 			break;
 		default:
 			error("nd_gr : unsupported order");