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version 1.1, 2000/01/09 17:01:06

version 1.1.1.2, 2000/01/22 14:16:13

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The new `gnuplot` user should begin by reading about `plotting` (if on-line,

type `help plotting`).

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/simple/simple.html"> Simple Plots Demo </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/simple.html"> Simple Plots Demo </a>

2 Seeking-assistance

?seeking-assistance

There is a mailing list for `gnuplot` users. Note, however, that the

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^ </a>

Before seeking help, please check the

^ <a href="http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~ig25/gnuplot-faq.html">

^ <a href="http://www.ucc.ie/gnuplot/gnuplot-faq.html">

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) list.

^ </a>

If you do not have a copy of the FAQ, you may request a copy by email from

the Majordomo address above, ftp a copy from

ftp://ftp.dartmouth.edu/pub/gnuplot

ftp://ftp.ucc.ie/pub/gnuplot/faq,

ftp://ftp.gnuplot.vt.edu/pub/gnuplot/faq,

or see the WWW `gnuplot` page.

When posting a question, please include full details of the version of

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3. `set timefmt` allows for the use of dates as input and output for time

series plots. See `Time/Date data` and

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/timefmt/timefmt.html">

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/timedat.html">

timedat.dem.

^ </a>

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#\mbox{imag}(x)^{2}}}$ \\

%abs(x)@any@absolute value of $x$, $|x|$; same type

%abs(x)@complex@length of $x$, $sqrt{roman real (x) sup 2 + roman imag (x) sup 2}$

The `abs` function returns the absolute value of its argument. The returned

The `abs(x)` function returns the absolute value of its argument. The

value is of the same type as the argument.

returned value is of the same type as the argument.

For complex arguments, abs(x) is defined as the length of x in the complex

plane [i.e., sqrt(real(x)**2 + imag(x)**2) ].

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?acos

#acos(x) & any & $\cos^{-1} x$ (inverse cosine) \\

%acos(x)@any@$cos sup -1 x$ (inverse cosine)

The `acos` function returns the arc cosine (inverse cosine) of its argument.

The `acos(x)` function returns the arc cosine (inverse cosine) of its

`acos` returns its argument in radians or degrees, as selected by `set

argument. `acos` returns its argument in radians or degrees, as selected by

angles`.

`set angles`.

4 acosh

?expressions functions acosh

?functions acosh

?acosh

#acosh(x) & any & $\cosh^{-1} x$ (inverse hyperbolic cosine) in radians \\

%acosh(x)@any@$cosh sup -1 x$ (inverse hyperbolic cosine) in radians

The `acosh` function returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of its argument in

The `acosh(x)` function returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of its argument

radians.

in radians.

4 arg

?expressions functions arg

?functions arg

?arg

#arg(x) & complex & the phase of $x$ \\

%arg(x)@complex@the phase of $x$

The `arg` function returns the phase of a complex number in radians or

The `arg(x)` function returns the phase of a complex number in radians or

degrees, as selected by `set angles`.

4 asin

?expressions functions asin

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?asin

#asin(x) & any & $\sin^{-1} x$ (inverse sin) \\

%asin(x)@any@$sin sup -1 x$ (inverse sin)

The `asin` function returns the arc sin (inverse sin) of its argument.

The `asin(x)` function returns the arc sin (inverse sin) of its argument.

`asin` returns its argument in radians or degrees, as selected by `set

angles`.

4 asinh

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?asinh

#asinh(x) & any & $\sinh^{-1} x$ (inverse hyperbolic sin) in radians \\

%asinh(x)@any@$sinh sup -1 x$ (inverse hyperbolic sin) in radians

The `asinh` function returns the inverse hyperbolic sin of its argument in

The `asinh(x)` function returns the inverse hyperbolic sin of its argument in

radians.

4 atan

?expressions functions atan

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?atan

#atan(x) & any & $\tan^{-1} x$ (inverse tangent) \\

%atan(x)@any@$tan sup -1 x$ (inverse tangent)

The `atan` function returns the arc tangent (inverse tangent) of its

The `atan(x)` function returns the arc tangent (inverse tangent) of its

argument. `atan` returns its argument in radians or degrees, as selected by

`set angles`.

4 atan2

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?atan2

#atan2(y,x) & int or real & $\tan^{-1} (y/x)$ (inverse tangent) \\

%atan2(y,x)@int or real@$tan sup -1 (y/x)$ (inverse tangent)

The `atan2` function returns the arc tangent (inverse tangent) of the ratio

The `atan2(y,x)` function returns the arc tangent (inverse tangent) of the

of the real parts of its arguments. `atan2` returns its argument in radians

ratio of the real parts of its arguments. `atan2` returns its argument in

or degrees, as selected by `set angles`, in the correct quadrant.

radians or degrees, as selected by `set angles`, in the correct quadrant.

4 atanh

?expressions functions atanh

?functions atanh

?atan

?atanh

#atanh(x) & any & $\tanh^{-1} x$ (inverse hyperbolic tangent) in radians \\

%atanh(x)@any@$tanh sup -1 x$ (inverse hyperbolic tangent) in radians

The `atanh` function returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of its argument

The `atanh(x)` function returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of its

in radians.

argument in radians.

4 besj0

?expressions functions besj0

?functions besj0

?besj0

#besj0(x) & int or real & $j_{0}$ Bessel function of $x$, in radians \\

%besj0(x)@int or real@$j sub 0$ Bessel function of $x$, in radians

The `besj0` function returns the j0th Bessel function of its argument.

The `besj0(x)` function returns the j0th Bessel function of its argument.

`besj0` expects its argument to be in radians.

4 besj1

?expressions functions besj1

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?besj1

#besj1(x) & int or real & $j_{1}$ Bessel function of $x$, in radians \\

%besj1(x)@int or real@$j sub 1$ Bessel function of $x$, in radians

The `besj1` function returns the j1st Bessel function of its argument.

The `besj1(x)` function returns the j1st Bessel function of its argument.

`besj1` expects its argument to be in radians.

4 besy0

?expressions functions besy0

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?besy1

#besy1(x) & int or real & $y_{1}$ Bessel function of $x$, in radians \\

%besy1(x)@int or real@$y sub 1$ Bessel function of $x$, in radians

The `besy1` function returns the y1st Bessel function of its argument.

The `besy1(x)` function returns the y1st Bessel function of its argument.

`besy1` expects its argument to be in radians.

4 ceil

?expressions functions ceil

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#ceil(x) & any & $\lceil x \rceil$, smallest integer not less than $x$

#(real part) \\

%ceil(x)@any@$left ceiling x right ceiling$, smallest integer not less than $x$ (real part)

The `ceil` function returns the smallest integer that is not less than its

The `ceil(x)` function returns the smallest integer that is not less than its

argument. For complex numbers, `ceil` returns the smallest integer not less

than the real part of its argument.

4 cos

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?cos

#cos(x) & any & $\cos x$, cosine of $x$ \\

%cos(x)@radians@$cos~x$, cosine of $x$

The `cos` function returns the cosine of its argument. `cos` accepts its

The `cos(x)` function returns the cosine of its argument. `cos` accepts its

argument in radians or degrees, as selected by `set angles`.

4 cosh

?expressions functions cosh

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?cosh

#cosh(x) & any & $\cosh x$, hyperbolic cosine of $x$ in radians \\

%cosh(x)@any@$cosh~x$, hyperbolic cosine of $x$ in radians

The `cosh` function returns the hyperbolic cosine of its argument. `cosh`

The `cosh(x)` function returns the hyperbolic cosine of its argument. `cosh`

expects its argument to be in radians.

4 erf

?expressions functions erf

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?erf

#erf(x) & any & $\mbox{erf}(\mbox{real}(x))$, error function of real($x$) \\

%erf(x)@any@$erf ( roman real (x))$, error function of real ($x$)

The `erf` function returns the error function of the real part of its

The `erf(x)` function returns the error function of the real part of its

argument. If the argument is a complex value, the imaginary component is

ignored.

4 erfc

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?erfc

#erfc(x) & any & $\mbox{erfc}(\mbox{real}(x))$, 1.0 - error function of real($x$) \\

%erfc(x)@any@$erfc ( roman real (x))$, 1.0 - error function of real ($x$)

The `erfc` function returns 1.0 - the error function of the real part of its

The `erfc(x)` function returns 1.0 - the error function of the real part of

argument. If the argument is a complex value, the imaginary component is

its argument. If the argument is a complex value, the imaginary component is

ignored.

4 exp

?expressions functions exp

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?exp

#exp(x) & any & $e^{x}$, exponential function of $x$ \\

%exp(x)@any@$e sup x$, exponential function of $x$

The `exp` function returns the exponential function of its argument (`e`

The `exp(x)` function returns the exponential function of its argument (`e`

raised to the power of its argument). On some implementations (notably

suns), exp(-x) returns undefined for very large x. A user-defined function

like safe(x) = x<-100 ? 0 : exp(x) might prove useful in these cases.

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#floor(x) & any & $\lfloor x \rfloor$, largest integer not greater

#than $x$ (real part) \\

%floor(x)@any@$left floor x right floor$, largest integer not greater than $x$ (real part)

The `floor` function returns the largest integer not greater than its

The `floor(x)` function returns the largest integer not greater than its

argument. For complex numbers, `floor` returns the largest integer not

greater than the real part of its argument.

4 gamma

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?gamma

#gamma(x) & any & $\mbox{gamma}(\mbox{real}(x))$, gamma function of real($x$) \\

%gamma(x)@any@$GAMMA ( roman real (x))$, gamma function of real ($x$)

The `gamma` function returns the gamma function of the real part of its

The `gamma(x)` function returns the gamma function of the real part of its

argument. For integer n, gamma(n+1) = n!. If the argument is a complex

value, the imaginary component is ignored.

4 ibeta

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?ibeta

#ibeta(p,q,x) & any & $\mbox{ibeta}(\mbox{real}(p,q,x))$, ibeta function of real($p$,$q$,$x$) \\

%ibeta(p,q,x)@any@$ibeta ( roman real (p,q,x))$, ibeta function of real ($p$,$q$,$x$)

The `ibeta` function returns the incomplete beta function of the real parts

The `ibeta(p,q,x)` function returns the incomplete beta function of the real

of its arguments. p, q > 0 and x in [0:1]. If the arguments are complex,

parts of its arguments. p, q > 0 and x in [0:1]. If the arguments are

the imaginary components are ignored.

complex, the imaginary components are ignored.

4 inverf

?expressions functions inverf

?functions inverf

?inverf

#inverf(x) & any & inverse error function of real($x$) \\

%inverf(x)@any@inverse error function real($x$)

The `inverf` function returns the inverse error function of the real part

The `inverf(x)` function returns the inverse error function of the real part

of its argument.

4 igamma

?expressions functions igamma

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?igamma

#igamma(a,x) & any & $\mbox{igamma}(\mbox{real}(a,x))$, igamma function of real($a$,$x$) \\

%igamma(a,x)@any@$igamma ( roman real (a,x))$, igamma function of real ($a$,$x$)

The `igamma` function returns the incomplete gamma function of the real

The `igamma(a,x)` function returns the incomplete gamma function of the real

parts of its arguments. a > 0 and x >= 0. If the arguments are complex,

the imaginary components are ignored.

4 imag

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?imag

#imag(x) & complex & imaginary part of $x$ as a real number \\

%imag(x)@complex@imaginary part of $x$ as a real number

The `imag` function returns the imaginary part of its argument as a real

The `imag(x)` function returns the imaginary part of its argument as a real

number.

4 invnorm

?expressions functions invnorm

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?invnorm

#invnorm(x) & any & inverse normal distribution function of real($x$) \\

%invnorm(x)@any@inverse normal distribution function real($x$)

The `invnorm` function returns the inverse normal distribution function of

The `invnorm(x)` function returns the inverse normal distribution function of

the real part of its argument.

4 int

?expressions functions int

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?int

#int(x) & real & integer part of $x$, truncated toward zero \\

%int(x)@real@integer part of $x$, truncated toward zero

The `int` function returns the integer part of its argument, truncated

The `int(x)` function returns the integer part of its argument, truncated

toward zero.

4 lgamma

?expressions functions lgamma

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?lgamma

#lgamma(x) & any & $\mbox{lgamma}(\mbox{real}(x))$, lgamma function of real($x$) \\

%lgamma(x)@any@$lgamma ( roman real (x))$, lgamma function of real ($x$)

The `lgamma` function returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function

The `lgamma(x)` function returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function

of the real part of its argument. If the argument is a complex value, the

imaginary component is ignored.

4 log

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?log

#log(x) & any & $\log_{e} x$, natural logarithm (base $e$) of $x$ \\

%log(x)@any@$ln~x$, natural logarithm (base $e$) of $x$

The `log` function returns the natural logarithm (base `e`) of its argument.

The `log(x)` function returns the natural logarithm (base `e`) of its

argument.

4 log10

?expressions functions log10

?functions log10

?log10

#log10(x) & any & $\log_{10} x$, logarithm (base $10$) of $x$ \\

%log10(x)@any@${log sub 10}~x$, logarithm (base $10$) of $x$

The `log10` function returns the logarithm (base 10) of its argument.

The `log10(x)` function returns the logarithm (base 10) of its argument.

4 norm

?expressions functions norm

?functions norm

?norm

#norm(x) & any & normal distribution (Gaussian) function of real($x$) \\

%norm(x)@any@$norm(x)$, normal distribution function of real($x$)

The `norm` function returns the normal distribution function (or Gaussian)

The `norm(x)` function returns the normal distribution function (or Gaussian)

of the real part of its argument.

4 rand

?expressions functions rand

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?rand

#rand(x) & any & $\mbox{rand}(\mbox{real}(x))$, pseudo random number generator \\

%rand(x)@any@$rand ( roman real (x))$, pseudo random number generator

The `rand` function returns a pseudo random number in the interval [0:1]

The `rand(x)` function returns a pseudo random number in the interval [0:1]

using the real part of its argument as a seed. If seed < 0, the sequence

is (re)initialized. If the argument is a complex value, the imaginary

component is ignored.

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?real

#real(x) & any & real part of $x$ \\

%real(x)@any@real part of $x$

The `real` function returns the real part of its argument.

The `real(x)` function returns the real part of its argument.

4 sgn

?expressions functions sgn

?functions sgn

?sgn

#sgn(x) & any & 1 if $x>0$, -1 if $x<0$, 0 if $x=0$. imag($x$) ignored \\

%sgn(x)@any@1 if $x > 0$, -1 if $x < 0$, 0 if $x = 0$. $roman imag (x)$ ignored

The `sgn` function returns 1 if its argument is positive, -1 if its argument

The `sgn(x)` function returns 1 if its argument is positive, -1 if its

is negative, and 0 if its argument is 0. If the argument is a complex value,

argument is negative, and 0 if its argument is 0. If the argument is a

the imaginary component is ignored.

complex value, the imaginary component is ignored.

4 sin

?expressions functions sin

?functions sin

?sin

#sin(x) & any & $\sin x$, sine of $x$ \\

%sin(x)@any@$sin~x$, sine of $x$

The `sin` function returns the sine of its argument. `sin` expects its

The `sin(x)` function returns the sine of its argument. `sin` expects its

argument to be in radians or degrees, as selected by `set angles`.

4 sinh

?expressions functions sinh

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?sinh

#sinh(x) & any & $\sinh x$, hyperbolic sine $x$ in radians \\

%sinh(x)@any@$sinh~x$, hyperbolic sine $x$ in radians

The `sinh` function returns the hyperbolic sine of its argument. `sinh`

The `sinh(x)` function returns the hyperbolic sine of its argument. `sinh`

expects its argument to be in radians.

4 sqrt

?expressions functions sqrt

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?sqrt

#sqrt(x) & any & $\sqrt{x}$, square root of $x$ \\

%sqrt(x)@any@$sqrt x $, square root of $x$

The `sqrt` function returns the square root of its argument.

The `sqrt(x)` function returns the square root of its argument.

4 tan

?expressions functions tan

?functions tan

?tan

#tan(x) & any & $\tan x$, tangent of $x$ \\

%tan(x)@any@$tan~x$, tangent of $x$

The `tan` function returns the tangent of its argument. `tan` expects

The `tan(x)` function returns the tangent of its argument. `tan` expects

its argument to be in radians or degrees, as selected by `set angles`.

4 tanh

?expressions functions tanh

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?tanh

#tanh(x) & any & $\tanh x$, hyperbolic tangent of $x$ in radians\\

%tanh(x)@any@$tanh~x$, hyperbolic tangent of $x$ in radians

The `tanh` function returns the hyperbolic tangent of its argument. `tanh`

The `tanh(x)` function returns the hyperbolic tangent of its argument. `tanh`

expects its argument to be in radians.

@end table

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`valid(x)` may be used only in expressions as part of `using` manipulations

to fits or datafile plots. See `plot datafile using`.

@end table

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/airfoil/airfoil.html">Use of functions and complex variables for airfoils </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/airfoil.html">Use of functions and complex variables for airfoils </a>

3 Operators

?expressions operators

?operators

Line 2202 C ... and restart the table:

Line 2204 C ... and restart the table:

every :::::9 # selects the first 10 blocks

every 2:2 # selects every other point in every other block

every ::5::15 # selects points 5 through 15 in each block

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/simple/simple.html">Simple Plot Demos </a>,

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/simple.html">Simple Plot Demos </a>,

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/surfacea/surfacea.html">Non-parametric splot demos </a>, and

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/surfaceb/surfaceb.html">Parametric splot demos.</a>

4 example datafile

Line 2250 C ... and restart the table:

Line 2252 C ... and restart the table:

Example:

plot 'file' index 4:5

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/multimsh/multimsh.html"> splot with indices demo. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/multimsh.html"> splot with indices demo. </a>

4 smooth

?commands plot datafile smooth

?plot datafile smooth

Line 2357 C ... and restart the table:

Line 2359 C ... and restart the table:

The `unique` option makes the data monotonic in x; points with the same

x-value are replaced by a single point having the average y-value. The

resulting points are then connected by straight line segments.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/mgr/mgr.html"> See demos. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/mgr.html"> See demos. </a>

4 special-filenames

?commands plot datafile special-filenames

?plot datafile special-filenames

Line 2570 C ... and restart the table:

Line 2572 C ... and restart the table:

However, if you want to leave text in your data files, it is safer to put the

comment character (#) in the first column of the text lines.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/using/using.html"> Feeble using demos. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/using.html"> Feeble using demos. </a>

3 errorbars

?commands plot errorbars

?commands splot errorbars

Line 2642 C ... and restart the table:

Line 2644 C ... and restart the table:

parametric function has been completed:

plot sin(t),t**2 title 'Parametric example' with linespoints

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/param/param.html"> Parametric Mode Demos. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/param.html"> Parametric Mode Demos. </a>

3 ranges

?commands plot ranges

?commands splot ranges

Line 2939 C ... and restart the table:

Line 2941 C ... and restart the table:

set explicitly to guarantee that the five separate graphs (drawn on top of

each other in multiplot mode) will have exactly the same axes. The linetype

must be specified; otherwise all the plots would be drawn with the same type.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/animate/animate.html"> Reread Animation Demo</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/animate.html"> Reread Animation Demo</a>

2 reset

?commands reset

?reset

Line 3029 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3031 C ... and restart the table:

y=sinh(x)

print y #prints {1.16933, 0.154051}

print asinh(y) #prints {57.29578, 5.729578}

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/poldat/poldat.html"> Polar plot using `set angles`. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/poldat.html"> Polar plot using `set angles`. </a>

3 arrow

?commands set arrow

?commands set noarrow

Line 3216 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3218 C ... and restart the table:

Explicitly setting one or two ranges but not others may lead to unexpected

results.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/poldat/poldat.html"> See polar demos </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/poldat.html"> See polar demos </a>

3 bar

?commands set bar

?commands show bar

Line 3292 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3294 C ... and restart the table:

Using the optional <line_style>, <line_type> and <line_width>

specifiers, the way the border lines are drawn can be influenced

(limited by what the current terminal driver supports).

(limited by what the current terminal driver supports). By default,

the border is drawn with twice the usual linewidth. The <line_width>

specifier scales this default value; for example, `set border 15 lw 2`

will produce a border with four times the usual linewidth.

Various axes or combinations of axes may be added together in the command.

Line 3513 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3518 C ... and restart the table:

See also `set contour` for control of where the contours are drawn, and `set

clabel` for control of the format of the contour labels and linetypes.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/contours/contours.html">Contours Demo</a> and

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/contours.html">Contours Demo</a> and

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/discrete/discrete.html">contours with User Defined Levels.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/discrete.html">contours with User Defined Levels.</a>

3 contour

?commands set contour

?commands set nocontour

Line 3564 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3569 C ... and restart the table:

If contours are desired from non-grid data, `set dgrid3d` can be used to

create an appropriate grid. See `set dgrid3d` for more information.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/contours/contours.html">Contours Demo</a> and

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/contours.html">Contours Demo</a> and

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/discrete/discrete.html">contours with User Defined Levels.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/discrete.html">contours with User Defined Levels.</a>

3 data style

?commands set data style

?commands show data style

Line 3641 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3646 C ... and restart the table:

The first specifies that a grid of size 10 by 10 is to be constructed using

a norm value of 1 in the weight computation. The second only modifies the

norm, changing it to 4.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/scatter/scatter.html"> Dgrid3d Demo.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/scatter.html"> Dgrid3d Demo.</a>

3 dummy

?commands set dummy

Line 3727 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3732 C ... and restart the table:

after each number. If you want "%" itself, double it: "%g %%".

See also `set xtics` for more information about tic labels.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/electron/electron.html"> See demo. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/electron.html"> See demo. </a>

4 format specifiers

?commands set format specifiers

?set format specifiers

Line 3948 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3953 C ... and restart the table:

For information about the definition and usage of functions in `gnuplot`,

please see `expressions`.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/spline/spline.html"> Splines as User Defined Functions.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/spline.html"> Splines as User Defined Functions.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/airfoil/airfoil.html">Use of functions and complex variables for airfoils </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/airfoil.html">Use of functions and complex variables for airfoils </a>

3 grid

?commands set grid

?commands set nogrid

Line 3992 C ... and restart the table:

Line 3997 C ... and restart the table:

If no linetype is specified for the minor gridlines, the same linetype as the

major gridlines is used. The default polar angle is 30 degrees.

By default, grid lines are drawn with half the usual linewidth. The major and

minor linewidth specifiers scale this default value; for example, `set grid

lw .5` will draw grid lines with one quarter the usual linewidth.

Z grid lines are drawn on the back of the plot. This looks better if a

partial box is drawn around the plot---see `set border`.

3 hidden3d

Line 4100 C ... and restart the table:

Line 4109 C ... and restart the table:

normally, making the resulting display hard to understand. Therefore, the

default option of `bentover` will turn it visible in this case. If you don't

want that, you may choose `nobentover` instead.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/hidden/hidden.html"> Hidden Line Removal Demo</a> and

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/hidden.html"> Hidden Line Removal Demo</a> and

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/singulr/singulr.html"> Complex Hidden Line Demo. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/singulr.html"> Complex Hidden Line Demo. </a>

3 isosamples

?commands set isosamples

?commands show isosamples

Line 4482 C ... and restart the table:

Line 4491 C ... and restart the table:

necessary if the data in the file are not in the required order.

`mapping` has no effect on `plot`.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/world/world.html">Mapping Demos.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/world.html">Mapping Demos.</a>

3 margin

?commands set margin

?commands show margin

?set margin

?show margin

?margin

Normally the margins of a plot are automatically calculated based on tics

The computed margins can be overridden by the `set margin` commands. `show

and axis labels (and the size of the graph correspondingly adjusted.) These

margin` shows the current settings.

computed values can be overridden by the `set margin` commands. `show margin`

shows the current settings.

Syntax:

set bmargin {<margin>}

Line 4504 C ... and restart the table:

Line 4511 C ... and restart the table:

The units of <margin> are character heights or widths, as appropriate. A

positive value defines the absolute size of the margin. A negative value

(or none) causes `gnuplot` to revert to the computed value.

Normally the margins of a plot are automatically calculated based on tics,

tic labels, axis labels, the plot title, the timestamp and the size of the

key if it is outside the borders. If, however, tics are attached to the

axes (`set xtics axis`, for example), neither the tics themselves nor their

labels will be included in either the margin calculation or the calculation

of the positions of other text to be written in the margin. This can lead

to tic labels overwriting other text if the axis is very close to the border.

3 missing

?commands set missing

?set missing

Line 4583 C ... and restart the table:

Line 4598 C ... and restart the table:

in character units, so the appearance of the graph in the remaining space

will depend on the screen size of the display device, e.g., perhaps quite

different on a video display and a printer.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/multiplot/multiplt.html"> See demo. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/multiplt.html"> See demo. </a>

3 mx2tics

?commands set mx2tics

?commands set nomx2tics

Line 4876 C ... and restart the table:

Line 4891 C ... and restart the table:

You may want to `set size square` to have `gnuplot` try to make the aspect

ratio equal to unity, so that circles look circular.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/polar/polar.html">Polar demos </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/polar.html">Polar demos </a>

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/poldat/poldat.html">Polar Data Plot. </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/poldat.html">Polar Data Plot. </a>

3 rmargin

?commands set rmargin

?set rmargin

Line 4975 C ... and restart the table:

Line 4990 C ... and restart the table:

To make the graph twice as high as wide use:

set size ratio 2

^<a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/airfoil/airfoil.html"> See demo. </a>

^<a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/airfoil.html"> See demo. </a>

3 style

?commands set function style

?commands show function style

Line 5126 C ... and restart the table:

Line 5141 C ... and restart the table:

The `fsteps` style is only relevant to 2-d plotting. It connects consecutive

points with two line segments: the first from (x1,y1) to (x1,y2) and the

second from (x1,y2) to (x2,y2).

^<a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/steps/steps.html"> See demo. </a>

^<a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/steps.html"> See demo. </a>

4 histeps

?commands set style histeps

?set style histeps

Line 5141 C ... and restart the table:

Line 5156 C ... and restart the table:

If `autoscale` is in effect, it selects the xrange from the data rather than

the steps, so the end points will appear only half as wide as the others.

^<a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/steps/steps.html"> See demo. </a>

^<a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/steps.html"> See demo. </a>

`histeps` is only a plotting style; `gnuplot` does not have the ability to

create bins and determine their population from some data set.

Line 5189 C ... and restart the table:

Line 5204 C ... and restart the table:

The `steps` style is only relevant to 2-d plotting. It connects consecutive

points with two line segments: the first from (x1,y1) to (x2,y1) and the

second from (x2,y1) to (x2,y2).

^<a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/steps/steps.html"> See demo. </a>

^<a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/steps.html"> See demo. </a>

4 vector

?commands set style vector

?set style vector

Line 5474 C ... and restart the table:

Line 5489 C ... and restart the table:

tells `gnuplot` to read date and time separated by tab. (But look closely at

your data---what began as a tab may have been converted to spaces somewhere

along the line; the format string must match what is actually in the file.)

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/timedat/timedat.html"> Time Data Demo </a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/timedat.html"> Time Data Demo </a>

3 title

?commands set title

?commands show title

Line 5903 C ... and restart the table:

Line 5918 C ... and restart the table:

The same syntax applies to `ytics`, `ztics`, `x2tics` and `y2tics`.

`axis` or `border` tells `gnuplot` to put the tics (both the tics themselves

and the accompanying labels) along the axis or the border, respectively.

and the accompanying labels) along the axis or the border, respectively. If

`mirror` tells it to put unlabelled tics at the same positions on the

the axis is very close to the border, the `axis` option can result in tic

opposite border. `nomirror` does what you think it does. `rotate` asks

labels overwriting other text written in the margin.

`gnuplot` to rotate the text through 90 degrees, if the underlying terminal

driver supports text rotation. `norotate` cancels this. The defaults are

`border mirror norotate` for tics on the x and y axes, and `border nomirror

norotate` for tics on the x2 and y2 axes. For the z axis, the the `{axis |

border}` option is not available and the default is `nomirror`. If you do

want to mirror the z-axis tics, you might want to create a bit more room for

them with `set border`.

`set xtics` with no options restores the default border if xtics are not

`mirror` tells `gnuplot` to put unlabelled tics at the same positions on the

being displayed; otherwise it has no effect. Any previously specified

opposite border. `nomirror` does what you think it does.

tic frequency or position {and labels} are retained.

`rotate` asks `gnuplot` to rotate the text through 90 degrees, which will be

done if the terminal driver in use supports text rotation. `norotate`

cancels this.

The defaults are `border mirror norotate` for tics on the x and y axes, and

`border nomirror norotate` for tics on the x2 and y2 axes. For the z axis,

the the `{axis | border}` option is not available and the default is

`nomirror`. If you do want to mirror the z-axis tics, you might want to

create a bit more room for them with `set border`.

`set xtics` with no options restores the default border or axis if xtics are

being displayed; otherwise it has no effect. Any previously specified tic

frequency or position {and labels} are retained.

Positions of the tics are calculated automatically by default or if the

`autofreq` option is given; otherwise they may be specified in either of

two forms:

Line 6384 C ... and restart the table:

Line 6405 C ... and restart the table:

The `index` keyword is not supported, since the file format allows only one

surface per file. The `every` and `using` filters are supported. `using`

operates as if the data were read in the above triplet form.

^ <a href="http://www.nas.nasa.gov/~woo/gnuplot/binary/binary.html">Binary File Splot Demo.</a>

^ <a href="http://www.gnuplot.vt.edu/gnuplot/gpdocs/binary.html">Binary File Splot Demo.</a>

4 example datafile

?commands splot datafile example

?splot datafile example

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