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version 1.2, 2000/01/02 07:32:12 version 1.10, 2000/01/17 01:24:27
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 % $OpenXM: OpenXM/doc/issac2000/openxm-clients.tex,v 1.1 1999/12/23 10:25:08 takayama Exp $  % $OpenXM: OpenXM/doc/issac2000/openxm-clients.tex,v 1.9 2000/01/17 00:48:06 takayama Exp $
   
 \section{OpenXM Clients}  \section{OpenXM Clients}
 (noryo and Ohara)  
 MEMO: keywords:  \subsection{Risa/Asir}
 Asir and Mathematica clients.  
   Risa/Asir provides a launcher to invoke an OpenXM server and to set up the
   communication between the server and itself. As a client,
   it provides many built-in functions for communication.
   
   \subsubsection{Setting up servers}
   {\tt ox\_launch} is a general purpose launcher.  This application
   invokes a server and sets up the server-client communication
   according to the protocol stated in Section \ref{launcher}, then
   itself becomes a control server.
   Several facilities related to {{\tt ox\_launch}} are provided
   as built-in functions of Risa/Asir: a function to invoke a server
   automatically from a give host name and a server name, and a set
   of functions to execute the port generation, {\tt bind}, {\tt listen},
   {\tt connect} and {\tt accept} operations on sockets individually.
   
   \subsubsection{Manipulating servers}
   Fundamental operations on OpenXM servers are
   exchange of {\tt OX} data and sending of {\tt SM} commands.
   The following functions
   are provided to execute these primitive operations:
   {\tt ox\_push\_cmo()} for pushing data to a server,
   {\tt ox\_push\_cmd()} for sending an {\tt SM} command to a server
   and {\tt ox\_get()} for receiving data from a stream.
   
   Some operations including the reset operation are implemented by
   combining these primitives.  Among them, frequently used ones are
   provided as built-in functions. We show some of them.
   
   \begin{itemize}
   \item {\tt ox\_pop\_cmo()}
   
   It requests a server to send data on the stack to the stream, then
   it receives the data from the stream.
   
   \item {\tt ox\_cmo\_rpc()}
   
   After pushing the name of a function, arguments and the number of the
   arguments to the stack of a server, it requests the server to execute
   the function. It does not wait the termination of the function call.
   
   \item {\tt ox\_reset()}
   
   After sending {\tt SM\_control\_reset\_connection} to a control server,
   it completes the operations stated in Section \ref{control}.
   \end{itemize}
   Furthermore {\tt ox\_select()} is provided to detect if streams are ready for
   reading. It is implemented by the {\tt select()} system call and is used
   to avoid blocking on read operations.
   
   \subsection{Mathematica}
   
   We provide an OpenXM client {\tt math2ox} written as an external module
   for Mathematica.
   The module {\tt math2ox} communicates with Mathematica by MathLink and
   with any OpenXM server by the OpenXM protocol.
   By using the module {\tt math2ox},
   we can call OpenXM servers from Mathematica;
   here is a demonstration of a computation of the de Rham cohomology groups
   of ${\bf C}^2 \setminus V(x^3-y^2)$ from Mathematica.
   {\footnotesize
   \begin{verbatim}
   In[1]:= Install["math2ox"]
   In[2]:= OxStart["../lib/sm1/bin/ox_sm1_forAsir"]
   In[3]:= OxExecute[" [(x^3-y^2) (x,y)] deRham "]
   In[4]:= OxPopString[]
   Out[4]=  [ 1 , 1 , 0 ]  (* The dimension of
                              cohomology groups *)
   \end{verbatim}
   }
   
   The {\tt math2ox} adds the following functions to Mathematica.
   \begin{quote}
   {\tt OxStart[s\_String]} \\
   {\tt OxStartInsecure[s\_String]} \\
   {\tt OxExecuteString[s\_String]}  \\
   {\tt OxParse[s\_String]} \\
   {\tt OxGet[]} \\
   {\tt OxPopCMO[]} \\
   {\tt OxPopString[]} \\
   {\tt OxClose[]} \\
   {\tt OxReset[]}
   \end{quote}
   Although the list of functions speaks itself,
   we add some explanations.
   The function {\tt OxPopCMO[]} executes the same operation
   as {\tt ox\_pop\_cmo()} in Risa/Asir;
   it pops data from the server stack.
   The {\tt OxGet[]} receives an OX data message
   and returns its translation to an local object.
   The function {\tt OxParse[]} helps debugging to connect Mathematica
   and ox servers.
   By using the function, one can send OX messages,
   written by the OX expression, to a server.
   OX expressions are Lisp-like expressions for OX messages and are defined
   in~\cite{noro-takayama}.
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